Molecular cloning, primary structure and expression of the human X linked A1S9 gene cDNA which complements the ts A1S9 mouse L cell defect in DNA replication.

The temperature-sensitive ts A1S9 mutation of mouse L cells was previously shown to affect nuclear DNA replication and to be complemented by active and inactive human X chromosomes in human-ts A1S9 somatic cell hybrids. We report the isolation of cDNA clones which correct the ts A1S9 lesion, using as a probe a genomic fragment derived from the human A1S9 locus. The nucleotide sequence of the A1S9 cDNA encompasses a single open reading frame of 2409 bp which could encode a heretofore unreported protein of 90 393 daltons. Southern blot hybridization of the A1S9 cDNA probe with DNA from various species revealed homologous sequences in vertebrates but not in yeast. Northern blot analysis of serum-starved, synchronized cells demonstrated that the A1S9 gene was expressed at a relatively low level in quiescent cells and at a higher and constant level throughout the cell cycle. Human cell lines harbouring increasing numbers of inactive X chromosomes (47, XXX, 49, XXXXX) were found to express the A1S9 gene at the same level as control cells (45, X), suggesting that the gene does not escape X chromosome inactivation.