Harborview Injury Prevention and Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.
J Adolesc Health. 2013 Oct;53(4):512-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2013.05.015. Epub 2013 Jul 30.
Few studies have examined the psychological factors underlying the association between cell phone use and motor vehicle crash. We sought to examine the factor structure and convergent validity of a measure of problematic cell phone use, and to explore whether compulsive cell phone use is associated with a history of motor vehicle crash.
We recruited a sample of 383 undergraduate college students to complete an online assessment that included cell phone use and driving history. We explored the dimensionality of the Cell Phone Overuse Scale (CPOS) using factor analytic methods. Ordinary least-squares regression models were used to examine associations between identified subscales and measures of impulsivity, alcohol use, and anxious relationship style, to establish convergent validity. We used negative binomial regression models to investigate associations between the CPOS and motor vehicle crash incidence.
We found the CPOS to be composed of four subscales: anticipation, activity interfering, emotional reaction, and problem recognition. Each displayed significant associations with aspects of impulsivity, problematic alcohol use, and anxious relationship style characteristics. Only the anticipation subscale demonstrated statistically significant associations with reported motor vehicle crash incidence, controlling for clinical and demographic characteristics (relative ratio, 1.13; confidence interval, 1.01-1.26). For each 1-point increase on the 6-point anticipation subscale, risk for previous motor vehicle crash increased by 13%.
Crash risk is strongly associated with heightened anticipation about incoming phone calls or messages. The mean score on the CPOS is associated with increased risk of motor vehicle crash but does not reach statistical significance.
鲜有研究探讨手机使用与机动车事故之间关联的心理因素。本研究旨在检验手机过度使用量表（CPOS）的结构和聚合效度，并探讨强迫性手机使用与机动车事故史之间的关系。
我们招募了 383 名大学生完成在线评估，包括手机使用和驾驶史。我们采用因子分析方法探索 CPOS 的维度。采用普通最小二乘法回归模型检验确定的子量表与冲动、酒精使用和焦虑关系风格的测量指标之间的关联，以建立聚合效度。我们采用负二项回归模型探讨 CPOS 与机动车事故发生率之间的关系。
我们发现 CPOS 由四个子量表组成：期待、活动干扰、情绪反应和问题识别。每个子量表与冲动的各个方面、有问题的酒精使用和焦虑关系风格特征均有显著关联。只有期待子量表与报告的机动车事故发生率有统计学显著关联，控制了临床和人口统计学特征（相对比，1.13；置信区间，1.01-1.26）。期待子量表每增加 1 分，机动车事故风险增加 13%。
事故风险与对来电或消息的强烈期待密切相关。CPOS 的平均得分与机动车事故风险增加相关，但未达到统计学显著水平。
