Department of Preventive Medicine & Public Health, Medical Immunology and Microbiology, Rey Juan Carlos University, Madrid, Spain.
Vaccine. 2013 Oct 9;31(43):5000-4. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.05.109. Epub 2013 Jul 30.
This study shows hospital discharges related to all-cause diarrhoea and rotavirus infection in children up to five years of age from 2005 to 2009 in Spain. Rotavirus vaccines have been available in Spain since late 2006 and early 2007. They are neither funded nor reimbursed by the National Health Care System. However, they are recommended by the Spanish Association of Pediatricians and prescribed by paediatricians. The vaccination coverage was 17% in 2007, 35% in 2008 and 38% in 2009. Among a total of 111,738 hospitalizations recorded, 24% (N=26,500) were coded as rotavirus and 14% (N=16,217) as diarrhoea of undetermined aetiology. The overall annual incidence of hospitalization was 991,235 and 144 per 100,000 children up to five years of age for all-causes diarrhoea, rotavirus infection and diarrhoea of undetermined aetiology respectively. The annual rate significantly decreased during the study period. Hospitalization rates for all-cause diarrhoea, rotavirus infection and diarrhoea of undetermined aetiology in children under five years of age in 2009 were 35, 37 and 36% lower than in the period 2005-2006, before rotavirus vaccine introduction. This decrease was greater in children <12 months of age: 42% for all-cause diarrhoea and 43% for rotavirus and diarrhoea of undetermined aetiology. The use of rotavirus vaccines, with relatively low vaccination coverage, in Spain has been shown to decrease hospitalizations for rotavirus gastroenteritis and all-cause diarrhoea during the study period.
这项研究显示了 2005 年至 2009 年期间西班牙五岁以下儿童因所有病因腹泻和轮状病毒感染而住院的情况。自 2006 年底和 2007 年初以来，轮状病毒疫苗已在西班牙上市。国家卫生保健系统既不为其提供资金，也不报销费用。然而，西班牙儿科医生协会推荐使用这些疫苗，并由儿科医生开具处方。2007 年的疫苗接种覆盖率为 17%，2008 年为 35%，2009 年为 38%。在总共记录的 111738 例住院病例中，24%（N=26500）被编码为轮状病毒，14%（N=16217）为病因不明的腹泻。所有病因腹泻、轮状病毒感染和病因不明腹泻的年住院总发生率分别为每 10 万五岁以下儿童 991235 例和 144 例。在研究期间，年发病率显著下降。2009 年五岁以下儿童所有病因腹泻、轮状病毒感染和病因不明腹泻的住院率分别比轮状病毒疫苗接种前的 2005-2006 年期间低 35%、37%和 36%。12 个月以下儿童的降幅更大：所有病因腹泻为 42%，轮状病毒和病因不明腹泻为 43%。轮状病毒疫苗的使用（接种率相对较低）表明，在研究期间，西班牙轮状病毒胃肠炎和所有病因腹泻的住院率有所下降。
