Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la Salud, Avenida Justo Arosemena Calle 35, APDO 0816-02593, Panama City, Panama.
Int J Infect Dis. 2012 Feb;16(2):e94-8. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2011.09.003. Epub 2011 Dec 7.
Rotavirus vaccination was introduced in Panama in March 2006. This study was carried out in order to describe the trends in gastroenteritis-related (GER) hospitalizations and mortality in children <5 years of age during the pre- and post-vaccination periods.
Data from the Expanded Program on Immunization (Ministry of Health) were used to calculate vaccine coverage. GER mortality and hospitalizations were obtained through database review of the Contraloría General de la República and hospital discharge databases of five sentinel hospitals, for the period 2000-2008. Mean rates of GER mortality and mean numbers of hospitalizations during the baseline pre-vaccination period (2000-2005) were compared to those of 2007 and 2008.
National coverage for the second rotavirus vaccine dose increased from 30% in 2006 to 62% in 2007 and 71% in 2008, varying from 62% in the West region to 77% in the Panama region. Overall, at 2-years post-vaccine introduction, the GER mortality rate in Panama had decreased by 50% (95% confidence interval (CI) 46-54). During 2000-2005, the GER mortality rate in children (<1 year) was 73/100 000, decreasing by 45% (95% CI 40-51) in 2008. In children aged 1-4 years, the GER mortality rate was 20.3/100 000 (2000-2005), decreasing by 54% (95% CI 48-60) in 2008. The Panama region registered the highest mortality rate reduction (69%; 95% CI 58-81) for 2008. During 2008, GER hospitalizations among children <5 years of age decreased by 30% (95% CI 21-37) from the mean number of hospitalizations during 2000-2005.
A substantial reduction in GER mortality and hospitalizations was observed following the introduction of rotavirus vaccine in Panama.
轮状病毒疫苗于 2006 年 3 月在巴拿马引入。本研究旨在描述轮状病毒疫苗引入前后，5 岁以下儿童因胃肠炎（GER）住院和死亡的趋势。
利用免疫扩大规划（卫生部）的数据计算疫苗覆盖率。通过对共和国总审计署和五家监测医院的住院数据库进行数据库审查，获得 GER 死亡率和住院率的数据，时间范围为 2000 年至 2008 年。比较了基线接种前时期（2000-2005 年）的 GER 死亡率平均值和住院人数平均值与 2007 年和 2008 年的数据。
第二剂轮状病毒疫苗的全国覆盖率从 2006 年的 30%增加到 2007 年的 62%和 2008 年的 71%，从西部地区的 62%到巴拿马地区的 77%不等。总体而言，在疫苗引入后 2 年，巴拿马的 GER 死亡率下降了 50%（95%置信区间（CI）46-54）。2000-2005 年，<1 岁儿童的 GER 死亡率为 73/100 000，2008 年下降了 45%（95%CI 40-51）。1-4 岁儿童的 GER 死亡率为 20.3/100 000（2000-2005），2008 年下降了 54%（95%CI 48-60）。巴拿马地区的死亡率降幅最大（69%；95%CI 58-81），为 2008 年。2008 年，5 岁以下儿童因 GER 住院的人数比 2000-2005 年的平均住院人数减少了 30%（95%CI 21-37）。
轮状病毒疫苗在巴拿马引入后，GER 死亡率和住院率大幅下降。
