Schuster Christina, Kirchner Manfred, Jakobi Gert, Menzel Annette
Technische Universität München, Chair of Ecoclimatology, Hans-Carl-von-Carlowitz-Platz 2, 85354, Freising, Germany,
Int J Biometeorol. 2014 May;58(4):485-98. doi: 10.1007/s00484-013-0709-0. Epub 2013 Aug 4.
In mountainous regions, inversion situations with cold-air pools in the valleys occur frequently, especially in fall and winter. With the accumulation of inversion days, trees in lower elevations experience lower temperature sums than those in middle elevations. In a two-year observational study, deciduous trees, such as Acer pseudoplatanus and Fagus sylvatica, on altitudinal transects responded in their fall leaf senescence phenology. Phenological phases were advanced and senescence duration was shortened by the cold temperatures in the valley. This effect was more distinct for late phases than for early phases since they experienced more inversion days. The higher the inversion frequency, the stronger the signal was. Acer pseudoplatanus proved to be more sensitive to cold temperatures compared to Fagus sylvatica. We conclude that cold-air pools have a considerable impact on the vegetation period of deciduous trees. Considering this effect, trees in the mid hillside slopes gain advantages compared to lower elevations. Our findings will help to improve knowledge about ecological drivers and responses in mountainous forest ecosystems.
在山区，山谷中出现冷空气池的逆温情况频繁发生，尤其是在秋冬季节。随着逆温天数的积累，低海拔地区的树木经历的积温比中海拔地区的树木低。在一项为期两年的观测研究中，沿海拔梯度分布的落叶树，如悬铃木和欧洲山毛榉，在秋季叶片衰老物候方面有响应。山谷中的低温使物候期提前，衰老持续时间缩短。这种影响在后期阶段比早期阶段更明显，因为后期经历的逆温天数更多。逆温频率越高，信号越强。与欧洲山毛榉相比，悬铃木对低温更为敏感。我们得出结论，冷空气池对落叶树的植被期有相当大的影响。考虑到这种影响，山坡中部的树木比低海拔地区的树木更具优势。我们的研究结果将有助于增进对山区森林生态系统中生态驱动因素和响应的了解。
