Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Adnan Menderes University Medical Faculty, Aydin 09100, Turkey.
Virol Sin. 2013 Aug;28(4):193-201. doi: 10.1007/s12250-013-3327-4. Epub 2013 Jul 22.
Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a zoonotic viral infection that is a serious threat to humans. The disease is widely distributed in Africa, Asia, and Europe and has developed into a serious public health concern. Humans become infected through the bites of ticks, by contact with a patient with CCHF, or by contact with blood or tissues from viremic livestock. Microvascular instability and impaired hemostasis are the hallmarks of the infection. Infection in human begins with nonspecific febrile symptoms, but may progress to a serious hemorrhagic syndrome with high mortality rates. Enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) are the most used and specific tests for the diagnosis. The mainstay of treatment is supportive. Although definitive studies are not available, ribavirin is suggested to be effective especially at the earlier phase of the infection. Uses of universal protective measures are the best way to avoid the infection. In this review, all aspects of CCHF are overviewed in light of the current literature.
克里米亚-刚果出血热（CCHF）是一种人畜共患的病毒性感染，对人类构成严重威胁。该疾病广泛分布于非洲、亚洲和欧洲，已成为严重的公共卫生关注问题。人类通过蜱虫叮咬、接触 CCHF 患者或接触带毒牲畜的血液或组织而感染该疾病。感染的特征是微血管不稳定和止血功能受损。人类感染始于非特异性发热症状，但可能进展为严重出血综合征，死亡率较高。酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）和聚合酶链反应（PCR）是最常用和最特异的诊断方法。治疗的主要方法是支持性治疗。虽然尚无明确的研究结果，但建议利巴韦林在感染的早期阶段特别有效。使用通用的保护措施是避免感染的最佳方法。在这篇综述中，根据目前的文献资料，全面概述了 CCHF 的各个方面。
