University of Torino, Mauriziano Hospital, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Torino, Italy.
Eur Cell Mater. 2013 Aug 4;26:15-31; discussion 31-2. doi: 10.22203/ecm.v026a02.
We propose a culture-free approach to osteochondral repair with minced autologous cartilage fragments loaded onto a scaffold composed of a hyaluronic acid (HA)-derived membrane, platelet-rich fibrin matrix (PRFM) and fibrin glue. The aim of the study was to demonstrate in vitro the outgrowth of chondrocytes from cartilage fragments onto this scaffold and, in vivo, the formation of functional repair tissue in goat osteochondral defects. Two sections were considered: 1) in vitro: minced articular cartilage from goat stifle joints was loaded onto scaffolds, cultured for 1 or 2 months, and then evaluated histologically and immunohistochemically; 2) in vivo: 2 unilateral critically-sized trochlear osteochondral defects were created in 15 adult goats; defects were treated with cartilage fragments embedded in the scaffold (Group 1), with the scaffold alone (Group 2), or untreated (Group 3). Repair processes were evaluated morphologically, histologically, immunohistochemically and biomechanically at 1, 3, 6 and 12 months. We found that in vitro, chondrocytes from cartilage fragments migrated to the scaffold and, at 2 months, matrix positive for collagen type II was observed in the constructs. In vivo, morphological and histological assessment demonstrated that cartilage fragment-loaded scaffolds led to the formation of functional hyaline-like repair tissue. Repair in Group 1 was superior to that of control groups, both histologically and mechanically. Autologous cartilage fragments loaded onto an HA/PRFM/fibrin glue scaffold provided a viable cell source and allowed for an improvement of the repair process of osteochondral defects in a goat model, representing an effective alternative for one-stage repair of osteochondral lesions.
我们提出了一种无需培养细胞的方法来修复软骨-骨，方法是将切碎的自体软骨碎片加载到由透明质酸（HA）衍生膜、富含血小板的纤维蛋白基质（PRFM）和纤维蛋白胶组成的支架上。该研究的目的是证明体外软骨碎片在该支架上的软骨细胞的生长，以及体内羊软骨-骨缺损中功能性修复组织的形成。分为两个部分：1）体外：取自羊膝关节的关节软骨被切碎后加载到支架上，培养 1 或 2 个月，然后进行组织学和免疫组织化学评估；2）体内：在 15 只成年山羊中建立 2 个单侧临界大小的滑车软骨-骨缺损；用嵌入支架的软骨碎片（第 1 组）、单独的支架（第 2 组）或不治疗（第 3 组）治疗缺损。在 1、3、6 和 12 个月时，通过形态学、组织学、免疫组织化学和生物力学评估修复过程。我们发现，在体外，软骨碎片中的软骨细胞迁移到支架上，并且在 2 个月时，在构建物中观察到 II 型胶原阳性基质。在体内，形态学和组织学评估表明，负载软骨碎片的支架导致功能性透明软骨样修复组织的形成。第 1 组的修复在组织学和力学上均优于对照组。负载自体软骨碎片的 HA/PRFM/纤维蛋白胶支架提供了可行的细胞来源，并改善了山羊模型中软骨-骨缺损的修复过程，为软骨-骨病变的一次性修复提供了有效的替代方法。
