Department of Philosophy, University of Memphis , Memphis, TN , USA ; School of Humanities, University of Hertfordshire , Hatfield, Hertfordshire , UK.
Front Hum Neurosci. 2013 Aug 1;7:443. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2013.00443. eCollection 2013.
I argue for a pattern theory of self as a useful way to organize an interdisciplinary approach to discussions of what constitutes a self. According to the pattern theory, a self is constituted by a number of characteristic features or aspects that may include minimal embodied, minimal experiential, affective, intersubjective, psychological/cognitive, narrative, extended, and situated aspects. A pattern theory of self helps to clarify various interpretations of self as compatible or commensurable instead of thinking them in opposition, and it helps to show how various aspects of self may be related across certain dimensions. I also suggest that a pattern theory of self can help to adjudicate (or at least map the differences) between the idea that the self correlates to self-referential processing in the cortical midline structures of the brain and other narrower or wider conceptions of self.
我主张采用模式理论来理解自我，这是一种将跨学科方法应用于讨论自我构成的有用途径。根据模式理论，自我由许多特征或方面构成，这些方面可能包括最小的身体、最小的经验、情感、主体间性、心理/认知、叙事、扩展和情境方面。自我的模式理论有助于澄清自我的各种解释，使其相互兼容或可比较，而不是将它们对立起来，它还有助于展示自我的各个方面如何在某些维度上相互关联。我还认为，自我的模式理论可以帮助裁决（或者至少映射出差异）自我与大脑皮质中线结构中的自我参照加工相关的观点，以及其他更窄或更宽的自我概念之间的差异。
