Liboff Abraham R
Department of Physics, Oakland University , Rochester Hills, MI , USA.
Electromagn Biol Med. 2014 Sep;33(3):241-5. doi: 10.3109/15368378.2013.809579. Epub 2013 Aug 5.
There is evidence for robust interactions of weak ELF magnetic fields with biological systems. Quite apart from the difficulties attending a proper physical basis for such interactions, an equally daunting question asks why these should even occur, given the apparent lack of comparable signals in the long-term electromagnetic environment. We suggest that the biological basis is likely to be found in the weak (∼50 nT) daily swing in the geomagnetic field that results from the solar tidal force on free electrons in the upper atmosphere, a remarkably constant effect exactly in phase with the solar diurnal change. Because this magnetic change is locked into the solar-derived everyday diurnal response in living things, one can argue that it acts as a surrogate for the solar variation, and therefore plays a role in chronobiological processes. This implies that weak magnetic field interactions may have a chronodisruptive basis, homologous to the more familiar effects on the biological clock arising from sleep deprivation, phase-shift employment and light at night. It is conceivable that the widespread sensitivity of biological systems to weak ELF magnetic fields is vestigially derived from this diurnal geomagnetic effect.
有证据表明，弱极低频磁场与生物系统之间存在强烈的相互作用。除了为这种相互作用建立适当物理基础所面临的困难之外，还有一个同样令人望而却步的问题：鉴于长期电磁环境中明显缺乏类似信号，为什么这些相互作用竟然会发生？我们认为，其生物学基础可能在于地磁场中由高层大气中自由电子所受太阳潮汐力导致的约50纳特斯拉的微弱日变化，这是一种与太阳日变化完全同步的显著恒定效应。由于这种磁变化与生物体内源自太阳的日常昼夜反应相关联，因此可以认为它充当了太阳变化的替代物，从而在生物钟过程中发挥作用。这意味着弱磁场相互作用可能具有生物钟破坏的基础，类似于睡眠剥夺、倒班工作和夜间光照对生物钟产生的更为人熟知的影响。可以想象，生物系统对弱极低频磁场的广泛敏感性可能是这种昼夜地磁效应的残留痕迹。
