Academic Medical Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Amsterdam Institute for Addiction Research, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2013 Dec;37(10 Pt 2):2472-80. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2013.07.009. Epub 2013 Jul 31.
This meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the available evidence regarding the effects of non-invasive neurostimulation of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), on craving in substance dependence and craving for high palatable food. Non-invasive neurostimulation techniques were restricted to repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) and transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS). A total of 17 eligible studies were identified. Random effects analysis revealed a pooled standardized effect size (Hedge's g) of 0.476 (CI: 0.316-0.636), indicating a medium effect size favouring active non-invasive neurostimulation over sham stimulation in the reduction of craving (z=5.832, p<0.001). No significant differences were found between rTMS and tDCS, between the various substances of abuse and between substances of abuse and food, or between left and right DLPFC stimulation. In conclusion, this meta-analysis provides the first clear evidence that non-invasive neurostimulation of the DLPFC decreases craving levels in substance dependence.
这项荟萃分析旨在评估关于非侵入性神经刺激外侧前额叶皮层（DLPFC）对物质依赖和高美味食物渴望的影响的现有证据。非侵入性神经刺激技术仅限于重复经颅磁刺激（rTMS）和经颅直流电刺激（tDCS）。共确定了 17 项符合条件的研究。随机效应分析显示，综合标准化效应量（Hedge's g）为 0.476（CI：0.316-0.636），表明在减少渴望方面，活跃的非侵入性神经刺激相对于假刺激具有中等效应大小（z=5.832，p<0.001）。在 rTMS 和 tDCS 之间、各种滥用物质之间以及滥用物质和食物之间，或者在左和右 DLPFC 刺激之间，均未发现显著差异。总之，这项荟萃分析首次提供了明确的证据，表明非侵入性 DLPFC 神经刺激可降低物质依赖者的渴望水平。
