Department of Infectious Diseases, Virology, University of Heidelberg, Germany.
Trends Microbiol. 2013 Oct;21(10):522-33. doi: 10.1016/j.tim.2013.06.010. Epub 2013 Jul 31.
For more than 70 years electron microscopy (EM) techniques have played an important role in investigating structures of enveloped viruses. By contrast, use of fluorescence microscopy (FM) methods for this purpose was limited by the fact that the size of virus particles is generally around or below the diffraction limit of light microscopy. Various super-resolution (SR) fluorescence imaging techniques developed over the past two decades bypass the diffraction limit of light microscopy, allowing visualization of subviral details and bridging the gap between conventional FM and EM methods. We summarize here findings on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) obtained using SR-FM techniques. Although the number of published studies is currently limited and some of the pioneering analyses also covered methodological or descriptive aspects, recent publications clearly indicate the potential to approach open questions in HIV-1 replication from a new angle.
七十多年来，电子显微镜（EM）技术在研究包膜病毒结构方面发挥了重要作用。相比之下，荧光显微镜（FM）方法在这方面的应用受到限制，因为病毒颗粒的大小通常在或低于光显微镜的衍射极限。过去二十年中开发的各种超分辨率（SR）荧光成像技术绕过了光显微镜的衍射极限，允许对亚病毒细节进行可视化，并弥合了传统 FM 和 EM 方法之间的差距。在这里，我们总结了使用 SR-FM 技术获得的人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV-1）的研究结果。尽管目前已发表的研究数量有限，并且一些开创性的分析也涵盖了方法学或描述性方面，但最近的出版物清楚地表明了从新的角度研究 HIV-1 复制的开放性问题的潜力。
