2010 年和 2011 年斯洛伐克小麦中脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇的发生情况。
Occurrence of deoxynivalenol in wheat in Slovakia during 2010 and 2011.
机构信息
Plant Production Research Centre Piešťany, SK 92168 Piešťany, Slovakia.
出版信息
Toxins (Basel). 2013 Aug 2;5(8):1353-61. doi: 10.3390/toxins5081353.
In this study, a total of 299 grain samples of wheat were collected from four production regions: the maize, sugar beet, potato and feed sectors of Slovakia. The samples were analyzed for deoxynivalenol (DON) content by using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay Ridascreen® Fast DON. Analysis of variance revealed a significant difference between years in DON contents (p < 0.027). The occurrence of samples with DON was 82.2% in 2010, with maximum DON content of 7.88 mg kg⁻¹, and 70.7% in 2011, with maximum DON content of 2.12 mg·kg⁻¹. The total mean DON content was 0.62 mg·kg⁻¹; in the feed region 0.22 mg·kg⁻¹; 0.63 mg·kg⁻¹ in the maize region; 0.78 mg·kg⁻¹ in the sugar beet region; 0.45 mg·kg⁻¹ the potato region. The limit of 1.25 mg·kg⁻¹ imposed by the European Union (EU) for DON content was exceeded in 13.7% of the studied samples. The average monthly rainfall for May to June played a critical role in DON content of wheat grains for maize and sugar beet producing regions. The present results indicate that DON content was at a high level in grains from wheat grown during 2010.
本研究共采集了来自斯洛伐克四个产区（玉米、糖用甜菜、马铃薯和饲料）的 299 份小麦样本。采用酶联免疫吸附测定法 Ridascreen®Fast DON 对样本中的脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇（DON）含量进行了分析。方差分析显示，DON 含量在不同年份之间存在显著差异（p<0.027）。2010 年，DON 含量超标的样本出现率为 82.2%，最高含量为 7.88mg·kg⁻¹；2011 年，DON 含量超标的样本出现率为 70.7%，最高含量为 2.12mg·kg⁻¹。总平均 DON 含量为 0.62mg·kg⁻¹；饲料产区为 0.22mg·kg⁻¹；玉米产区为 0.63mg·kg⁻¹；糖用甜菜产区为 0.78mg·kg⁻¹；马铃薯产区为 0.45mg·kg⁻¹。欧盟规定 DON 含量不得超过 1.25mg·kg⁻¹，本研究中有 13.7%的样本超标。5 月至 6 月的月平均降雨量对玉米和糖用甜菜产区小麦粒 DON 含量有重要影响。结果表明，2010 年种植的小麦粒中 DON 含量较高。
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