Pantavou Katerina, Chatzi Evriklia, Theoharatos George
Department of Environmental Physics and Meteorology, Faculty of Physics, University of Athens, University Campus-Zografou, Building Physics 5, 157 84, Athens, Greece,
Int J Biometeorol. 2014 Aug;58(6):1163-73. doi: 10.1007/s00484-013-0708-1. Epub 2013 Aug 6.
Focusing on the understanding and the estimation of the biometeorological conditions during summer in outdoor places, a field study was conducted in July 2010 in Athens, Greece over 6 days at three different sites: Syntagma Square, Ermou Street and Flisvos coast. Thermo-physiological measurements of five subjects were carried out from morning to evening for each site, simultaneously with meteorological measurements and subjective assessments of thermal sensation reported by questionnaires. The thermo-physiological variables measured were skin temperature, heat flux and metabolic heat production, while meteorological measurements included air temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, globe temperature, ground surface temperature and global radiation. The possible relation of skin temperature with the meteorological parameters was examined. Theoretical values of mean skin temperature and mean radiant temperature were estimated applying the MENEX model and were compared with the measured values. Two biometeorological indices, thermal sensation (TS) and heat load (HL)-were calculated in order to compare the predicted thermal sensation with the actual thermal vote. The theoretically estimated values of skin temperature were underestimated in relation to the measured values, while the theoretical model of mean radiant temperature was more sensitive to variations of solar radiation compared to the experimental values. TS index underestimated the thermal sensation of the five subjects when their thermal vote was 'hot' or 'very hot' and overestimated thermal sensation in the case of 'neutral'. The HL index predicted with greater accuracy thermal sensation tending to overestimate the thermal sensation of the subjects.
为了了解和评估夏季室外场所的生物气象条件，2010年7月在希腊雅典的三个不同地点进行了为期6天的实地研究：宪法广场、埃尔穆街和弗利沃斯海岸。在每个地点，从早到晚对五名受试者进行了热生理测量，同时进行气象测量，并通过问卷调查对受试者的热感觉进行主观评估。测量的热生理变量包括皮肤温度、热通量和代谢产热，而气象测量包括气温、相对湿度、风速、黑球温度、地面温度和全球辐射。研究了皮肤温度与气象参数之间的可能关系。应用MENEX模型估算了平均皮肤温度和平均辐射温度的理论值，并与测量值进行了比较。计算了两个生物气象指数，即热感觉（TS）和热负荷（HL），以便将预测的热感觉与实际的热投票进行比较。皮肤温度的理论估计值相对于测量值被低估，而平均辐射温度的理论模型与实验值相比对太阳辐射的变化更敏感。当五名受试者的热投票为“热”或“非常热”时，TS指数低估了他们的热感觉，而在“中性”情况下高估了热感觉。HL指数对热感觉的预测准确性更高，但倾向于高估受试者的热感觉。
