Rotterdam, The Netherlands; and Stanmore, United Kingdom From the Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Erasmus Medical Center; and the Institute of Orthopedics and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University College London.
Plast Reconstr Surg. 2013 Nov;132(5):1139-1148. doi: 10.1097/PRS.0b013e3182a3bf2b.
In an attempt to provide minimally invasive treatment for Dupuytren's disease, percutaneous disruption of the affected tissue followed by lipografting is being tested. Contractile myofibroblasts drive this fibroproliferative disorder, whereas stem cells have recently been implicated in preventing fibrosis. Therefore, the authors tested the role of stem cells in modulating myofibroblast activity in Dupuytren's disease.
The authors compared the effect of co-culturing Dupuytren's myofibroblasts with either adipose-derived or bone-marrow-derived stem cells on isometric force contraction and associated levels of α-smooth muscle actin mRNA and protein expression. The authors also tested the effect of these stem cells on Dupuytren's myofibroblast proliferation and assessed whether this was mediated by cell-to-cell contact or by a paracrine mechanism.
Addition of adipose-derived stem cells to Dupuytren's myofibroblasts reduced the contraction of the latter, with a corresponding reduction of α-smooth muscle actin protein expression, probably through a dilution effect. In contrast, bone marrow-derived stem cells increased myofibroblast contractility. In addition, adipose-derived stem cells inhibit myofibroblast proliferation and mediate these effects by soluble factors, influenced by cell-to-cell contact-dependent signaling.
Adipose-derived stem cells inhibit the contractile myofibroblast in Dupuytren's disease, and these findings lend support to the potential benefit of lipografting in conjunction with aponeurotomy as a novel strategy for the treatment of Dupuytren's disease.
为了尝试为杜普伊特伦挛缩症提供微创治疗，人们正在测试经皮破坏受累组织，随后进行脂肪移植。收缩性肌成纤维细胞驱动这种纤维增生性疾病，而干细胞最近被牵涉到预防纤维化。因此，作者测试了干细胞在调节杜普伊特伦挛缩症肌成纤维细胞活性中的作用。
作者比较了将脂肪来源或骨髓来源的干细胞与杜普伊特伦挛缩症肌成纤维细胞共培养对等长力收缩以及相关α-平滑肌肌动蛋白 mRNA 和蛋白表达水平的影响。作者还测试了这些干细胞对杜普伊特伦挛缩症肌成纤维细胞增殖的影响，并评估了这种影响是通过细胞间接触还是旁分泌机制介导的。
向杜普伊特伦挛缩症肌成纤维细胞中添加脂肪来源的干细胞可减少后者的收缩，同时相应减少α-平滑肌肌动蛋白蛋白表达，可能是通过稀释作用。相比之下，骨髓来源的干细胞增加了肌成纤维细胞的收缩性。此外，脂肪来源的干细胞通过细胞间接触依赖性信号传导影响的可溶性因子抑制肌成纤维细胞增殖，并介导这些效应。
脂肪来源的干细胞抑制杜普伊特伦挛缩症中的收缩性肌成纤维细胞，这些发现支持脂肪移植与肌腱切开术联合作为杜普伊特伦挛缩症新治疗策略的潜在益处。
