Almadori Aurora, Butler Peter Em
Centre for Nanotechnology and Regenerative Medicine, Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College of London, London NW3 2QG, UK.
Department of Plastic Surgery, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust Hospital, London NW3 2QG, UK.
Cells. 2024 Mar 3;13(5):443. doi: 10.3390/cells13050443.
Skin scarring and fibrosis affect millions of people worldwide, representing a serious clinical problem causing physical and psychological challenges for patients. Stem cell therapy and regenerative surgery represent a new area of treatment focused on promoting the body's natural ability to repair damaged tissue. Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) represent an optimal choice for practical regenerative medicine due to their abundance, autologous tissue origin, non-immunogenicity, and ease of access with minimal morbidity for patients. This review of the literature explores the current body of evidence around the use of ASCs-based regenerative strategies for the treatment of scarring and skin fibrosis, exploring the different surgical approaches and their application in multiple fibrotic skin conditions. Human, animal, and in vitro studies demonstrate that ASCs present potentialities in modifying scar tissue and fibrosis by suppressing extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis and promoting the degradation of their constituents. Through softening skin fibrosis, function and overall quality of life may be considerably enhanced in different patient cohorts presenting with scar-related symptoms. The use of stem cell therapies for skin scar repair and regeneration represents a paradigm shift, offering potential alternative therapeutic avenues for fibrosis, a condition that currently lacks a cure.
皮肤瘢痕形成和纤维化影响着全球数百万人，是一个严重的临床问题，给患者带来身体和心理挑战。干细胞疗法和再生手术是一个新的治疗领域，专注于促进身体修复受损组织的自然能力。脂肪来源干细胞（ASC）由于其数量丰富、自体组织来源、无免疫原性且获取方便、对患者造成的发病率极低，是实际再生医学的理想选择。这篇文献综述探讨了当前围绕基于ASC的再生策略用于治疗瘢痕形成和皮肤纤维化的证据，探讨了不同的手术方法及其在多种纤维化皮肤疾病中的应用。人体、动物和体外研究表明，ASC通过抑制细胞外基质（ECM）合成并促进其成分降解，在改变瘢痕组织和纤维化方面具有潜力。通过软化皮肤纤维化，不同出现瘢痕相关症状的患者群体的功能和整体生活质量可能会得到显著提高。使用干细胞疗法进行皮肤瘢痕修复和再生代表了一种范式转变，为目前尚无治愈方法的纤维化提供了潜在的替代治疗途径。
