Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, The Hospital Affiliated to Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.
Wuxi Clinical Medicine School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, China.
J Cell Mol Med. 2022 Oct;26(20):5113-5121. doi: 10.1111/jcmm.17535. Epub 2022 Sep 15.
Disturbances or defects in the process of wound repair can disrupt the delicate balance of cells and molecules necessary for complete wound healing, thus leading to chronic wounds or fibrotic scars. Myofibroblasts are one of the most important cells involved in fibrotic scars, and reprogramming provides a potential avenue to increase myofibroblast clearance. Although myofibroblasts have long been recognized as terminally differentiated cells, recent studies have shown that myofibroblasts have the capacity to be reprogrammed into adipocytes. This review intends to summarize the potential of reprogramming myofibroblasts into adipocytes. We will discuss myofibroblast lineage tracing, as well as the known mechanisms underlying adipocyte regeneration from myofibroblasts. In addition, we investigated different changes in myofibroblast gene expression, transcriptional regulators, signalling pathways and epigenetic regulators during skin wound healing. In the future, myofibroblast reprogramming in wound healing will be better understood and appreciated, which may provide new ideas for the treatment of scarless wound healing.
在伤口修复过程中出现的紊乱或缺陷可能会破坏完整伤口愈合所需的细胞和分子的微妙平衡，从而导致慢性伤口或纤维性瘢痕。肌成纤维细胞是参与纤维性瘢痕的最重要的细胞之一，重编程提供了增加肌成纤维细胞清除的潜在途径。尽管肌成纤维细胞长期以来一直被认为是终末分化细胞，但最近的研究表明，肌成纤维细胞具有被重新编程为脂肪细胞的能力。本综述旨在总结将肌成纤维细胞重编程为脂肪细胞的潜力。我们将讨论肌成纤维细胞的谱系追踪，以及已知的肌成纤维细胞再生为脂肪细胞的机制。此外，我们研究了皮肤伤口愈合过程中肌成纤维细胞基因表达、转录调节剂、信号通路和表观遗传调节剂的不同变化。未来，对伤口愈合中肌成纤维细胞重编程的理解和认识将会加深，这可能为无瘢痕伤口愈合的治疗提供新的思路。
