Ortiz-Espejo M, Gil-Campos M, Mesa M D, García-Rodríguez C E, Muñoz-Villanueva M C, Pérez-Navero J L
Unit of Metabolism and Pediatric Investigation, Department of Pediatrics, University Reina Sofia Hospital, Avda Menéndez Pidal s/n, 14004, Córdoba, Spain.
Eur J Nutr. 2014;53(2):607-15. doi: 10.1007/s00394-013-0569-8. Epub 2013 Aug 8.
The role of oxidative stress is well known in the pathogenesis of acquired malnutrition. Intrauterine growth restriction has been associated with an imbalance in oxidative stress/antioxidant system. Therefore, early postnatal environment and, consequently, extrauterine growth restriction might be associated with alterations in the antioxidant defense system, even in the prepubertal stage.
This is a descriptive, analytical, and observational case-control study. The study included two groups; 38 Caucasian prepubertal children born prematurely and with a history of extrauterine growth restriction as the case group, and 123 gender- and age-matched controls. Plasma exogenous antioxidant (retinol, β-carotene, and α-tocopherol) concentrations were measured by HPLC; antioxidant enzyme activities of catalase, glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase were determined in lysed erythrocytes by spectrophotometric techniques.
Catalase and glutathione peroxidase concentrations were significantly lower in extrauterine growth restriction children than in controls (P < 0.001). Lower plasma retinol concentrations were found in the case group (P = 0.029), while concentrations of β-carotene and α-tocopherol were higher (P < 0.001) in extrauterine growth restriction prepubertal children as compared with controls. After correction by gestational age, birth weight, and length, statistically significant differences were also found, except for retinol.
Prepubertal children with a history of extrauterine growth restriction present alterations in their antioxidant defense system. Knowing these alterations may be important in establishing pharmacological and nutritional treatments as this situation might be associated with higher metabolic disorders in adulthood.
氧化应激在获得性营养不良发病机制中的作用已广为人知。宫内生长受限与氧化应激/抗氧化系统失衡有关。因此，出生后早期环境以及由此导致的宫外生长受限可能与抗氧化防御系统的改变有关，即使在青春期前阶段也是如此。
这是一项描述性、分析性和观察性病例对照研究。该研究包括两组；38名早产且有宫外生长受限病史的白种人青春期前儿童作为病例组，以及123名性别和年龄匹配的对照组。通过高效液相色谱法测定血浆外源性抗氧化剂（视黄醇、β-胡萝卜素和α-生育酚）浓度；采用分光光度技术测定裂解红细胞中过氧化氢酶、谷胱甘肽还原酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶和超氧化物歧化酶的抗氧化酶活性。
宫外生长受限儿童的过氧化氢酶和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶浓度显著低于对照组（P < 0.001）。病例组血浆视黄醇浓度较低（P = 0.029），而宫外生长受限青春期前儿童的β-胡萝卜素和α-生育酚浓度高于对照组（P < 0.001）。在根据胎龄、出生体重和身长进行校正后，除视黄醇外，也发现了具有统计学意义的差异。
有宫外生长受限病史的青春期前儿童的抗氧化防御系统存在改变。了解这些改变对于制定药物和营养治疗可能很重要，因为这种情况可能与成年期更高的代谢紊乱有关。
