Ning Yan, Tao Mao-xuan, Hu Jun-feng, Li Yu-bo, Cheng Yu-lan, Zhang Gang, Hu Tao, Li Li, Chai Yan, Nan Hai-Tao, Zhao Hong-Qi, Wang Jun-Jie
Department of Guidance and Promotion, Chinese Center for Health Education & Health News and Communication Center, Ministry of Health, Beijing 100011, China.
Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2013 Apr;47(4):347-51.
To investigate the status of household disaster preparedness in 4 counties of Shaanxi province and explore the affecting factors.
During the period from September to October in 2008, multi-stage sampling was used to select subjects from urban and rural residents in Xincheng district, Hantai district, Fuping county and Xunyang county of Shaanxi province. Questionnaire survey was conducted among 1945 subjects aged 18-88 years to investigate their experience and expectation of disaster events, preparedness knowledge, activities and emergency supplies. Logistic regression was used to analyze the factors influencing household disaster preparedness.
The average age of the 1945 subjects was (43.55 ± 12.76) years old. A total of 7.12% (138/1939) of respondents never experienced disaster. Earthquake and fire (57.35% (1175/2049), 19.81% (406/2049), respectively) were rated as the two disasters most likely to occur. The awareness rate of knowledge about household disaster preparedness was 51.43% (989/1923), and 23.41% (454/1939) discussed how to prepare for disaster with their family, only 9.27% (179/1932) attended evacuation drill. The rates of preparing household emergency supplies were 23.64% (230/973), 30.56% (55/180), 31.19% (141/452) and 54.49% (97/178) for urban residents, subjects with junior college or above education, subjects having frequent family discussions of disaster preparedness and subjects participating in emergency rescue drills, respectively. For subjects with junior high school, senior high school and junior college or higher education, the likelihood of preparing household emergency supplies was 5.02 (95%CI: 1.12 - 22.42), 5.74 (95%CI: 1.27 - 26.04) and 6.84 (95%CI: 1.44 - 32.39) times as that of illiterate, respectively. Urban residents, subjects who often discussed disaster preparedness with their family, and who participated in emergency rescue drills were more likely to prepare emergency supplies than rural residents (OR = 4.38, 95%CI: 2.74 - 7.00), those who never discussed (OR = 4.99, 95%CI: 2.52 - 9.91), and who didn't participate (OR = 5.72, 95%CI: 3.84 - 8.51).
The residents in 4 counties of Shaanxi lack comprehensive knowledge and appropriate activities of disaster preparedness, the rate of preparing household emergency supplies is low. Higher education, living in urban area, frequent family discussions of disaster preparedness and participating in emergency rescue drills are facilitating factors of preparing household emergency supplies.
调查陕西省4个县家庭灾害准备状况并探讨其影响因素。
2008年9月至10月期间，采用多阶段抽样方法从陕西省新城区、汉台区、富平县和旬阳县的城乡居民中选取研究对象。对1945名年龄在18 - 88岁的对象进行问卷调查，了解他们对灾害事件的经历和期望、准备知识、活动及应急物资情况。采用Logistic回归分析影响家庭灾害准备的因素。
1945名研究对象的平均年龄为（43.55±12.76）岁。共有7.12%（138/1939）的受访者从未经历过灾害。地震和火灾（分别为57.35%（1175/2049）、19.81%（406/2049））被评为最有可能发生的两种灾害。家庭灾害准备知识知晓率为51.43%（989/1923），23.41%（454/1939）的人与家人讨论过如何进行灾害准备，仅9.27%（179/1932）参加过疏散演练。城市居民、大专及以上学历者、经常与家人讨论灾害准备者以及参加过应急救援演练者准备家庭应急物资的比例分别为23.64%（230/973）、30.56%（55/180）、31.19%（141/452）和54.49%（97/178）。初中、高中、大专及以上学历者准备家庭应急物资的可能性分别是文盲的5.02倍（95%CI：1.12 - 22.42）、5.74倍（95%CI：1.27 - 26.04）和6.84倍（95%CI：1.44 - 32.39）。城市居民、经常与家人讨论灾害准备者以及参加过应急救援演练者比农村居民（OR = 4.38，95%CI：2.74 - 7.00）、从未讨论者（OR = 4.99，95%CI：2.52 - 9.91）和未参与者（OR = 5.72，95%CI：3.84 - 8.51）更有可能准备应急物资。
陕西省4个县的居民缺乏全面的灾害准备知识和适当的准备活动，家庭应急物资准备率较低。高学历、居住在城市、经常与家人讨论灾害准备以及参加应急救援演练是家庭应急物资准备的促进因素。
