Demuth A, Czerniak U, Ziółkowska-Łajp E
Department of Anthropology and Biometry, University School of Physical Education in Poznań, Krolowej Jadwigi Street 27/39, 61-871 Poznań, Poland.
Homo. 2013 Oct;64(5):398-409. doi: 10.1016/j.jchb.2013.07.001. Epub 2013 Aug 7.
The objective of the study was to compare the level of dissatisfaction with body image of men and women of the social elite in the Wielkopolska region, Poland, in the light of anthropometric indicators. All studied individuals have had university education, performed public functions and their age ranged from 40 to 60 years. In total, information about 167 individuals, 70 women and 97 men, was collected. In the analysis the body mass index (BMI) and the waist to height ratio (WHtR) were taken into consideration. To study body image the Colour-A-Person Body Dissatisfaction Test (CAPT) and weight self-assessment were used. In the group of women there was a significant relationship between a subjective assessment of weight as well as body mass index (BMI) and a degree of dissatisfaction with their body. Women who classified themselves in the category of overweight (self-assessment) had the highest BMI values and were the most dissatisfied with their body image (CAPT=3.61). Individuals who believed that their body weight corresponded to the standard limits had a mean score of CAPT=2.28, and women with normal BMI values were the most satisfied with their body. For men, there were no significant relationships. Sex and size of anthropometric indicators were significantly related to the understanding of one's own body among the studied individuals. This is in line with reports of other authors who explain their results by different social expectations, according to which a woman's self-esteem is linked to her physical attractiveness. On the other hand, the studied women have been characterised by a significant body awareness which may be related to their education and professional status.
本研究的目的是根据人体测量指标，比较波兰大波兰地区社会精英中男性和女性对身体形象的不满程度。所有研究对象均受过大学教育，履行公共职能，年龄在40至60岁之间。总共收集了167名个体的信息，其中70名女性和97名男性。在分析中考虑了体重指数（BMI）和腰高比（WHtR）。为了研究身体形象，使用了“Color-A-Person身体不满测试”（CAPT）和体重自我评估。在女性组中，体重的主观评估以及体重指数（BMI）与对自己身体的不满程度之间存在显著关系。将自己归类为超重（自我评估）的女性BMI值最高，对自己的身体形象最不满意（CAPT = 3.61）。认为自己的体重符合标准范围的个体CAPT平均得分为2.28，BMI值正常的女性对自己最满意。对于男性来说，不存在显著关系。人体测量指标的性别和大小与被研究个体对自身身体的认知显著相关。这与其他作者的报告一致，他们用不同的社会期望来解释他们的结果，根据这种期望，女性的自尊与她们的身体吸引力有关。另一方面，被研究的女性具有显著的身体意识，这可能与她们的教育和职业地位有关。
