State Key Laboratory of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China.
PLoS One. 2013 Jul 30;8(7):e70483. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0070483. Print 2013.
Wheat-rye addition lines are an old topic. However, the alterations and abnormal mitotic behaviours of wheat chromosomes caused by wheat-rye monosomic addition lines are seldom reported.
METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Octoploid triticale was derived from common wheat T. aestivum L. 'Mianyang11'×rye S. cereale L. 'Kustro' and some progeny were obtained by the controlled backcrossing of triticale with 'Mianyang11' followed by self-fertilization. Genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) using rye genomic DNA and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) using repetitive sequences pAs1 and pSc119.2 as probes were used to analyze the mitotic chromosomes of these progeny. Strong pSc119.2 FISH signals could be observed at the telomeric regions of 3DS arms in 'Mianyang11'. However, the pSc119.2 FISH signals were disappeared from the selfed progeny of 4R monosomic addition line and the changed 3D chromosomes could be transmitted to next generation stably. In one of the selfed progeny of 7R monosomic addition line, one 2D chromosome was broken and three 4A chromosomes were observed. In the selfed progeny of 6R monosomic addition line, structural variation and abnormal mitotic behaviour of 3D chromosome were detected. Additionally, 1A and 4B chromosomes were eliminated from some of the progeny of 6R monosomic addition line.
CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: These results indicated that single rye chromosome added to wheat might cause alterations and abnormal mitotic behaviours of wheat chromosomes and it is possible that the stress caused by single alien chromosome might be one of the factors that induced karyotype alteration of wheat.
小麦-黑麦添加系是一个古老的话题。然而，小麦-黑麦单体添加系引起的小麦染色体的改变和异常有丝分裂行为很少有报道。
方法/主要发现：八倍体小黑麦是由普通小麦 T. aestivum L. '绵阳 11'×黑麦 S. cereale L. 'Kustro'杂交衍生而来，一些后代是通过小黑麦与 '绵阳 11'回交，然后自交获得的。使用黑麦基因组 DNA 进行基因组原位杂交（GISH）和重复序列 pAs1 和 pSc119.2 作为探针进行荧光原位杂交（FISH），分析这些后代的有丝分裂染色体。在 '绵阳 11'的 3DS 臂端粒区域可以观察到强烈的 pSc119.2 FISH 信号。然而，在 4R 单体添加系的自交后代中，pSc119.2 FISH 信号消失了，并且改变的 3D 染色体可以稳定地传递到下一代。在 7R 单体添加系的一个自交后代中，一条 2D 染色体断裂，观察到三条 4A 染色体。在 6R 单体添加系的自交后代中，检测到 3D 染色体的结构变异和异常有丝分裂行为。此外，一些 6R 单体添加系的后代中 1A 和 4B 染色体被消除。
结论/意义：这些结果表明，小麦中添加单个黑麦染色体可能导致小麦染色体的改变和异常有丝分裂行为，单个外源染色体引起的应激可能是小麦染色体核型改变的因素之一。
