[中国西部贫困县3岁以下儿童营养状况的民族差异]

[Ethnic differences on nutritional status of children under 3 years old in poor counties of the western China].

作者信息

Qu Peng-fei, Zeng Ling-xia, Zhou Xiao-yan, Zhao Ya-ling, Wang Quan-li, Dang Shao-nong, Yan Hong

机构信息

Department of Health Statistics, College of Medical, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China.

出版信息

Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi. 2013 Apr;34(4):346-50.

PMID:23937838

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

To explore the ethnic differences on nutritional status of children under three years old, in the western areas of China and to identify the affecting factors.

METHODS

14 072 children under the age of three years and their mothers were recruited, using the proportion population sampling method in 45 counties in the western areas of China. Height and weight were used as the measurement on nutrition of children.

RESULTS

Height and weight of children with Han, Uyghur, Tibetan and Zhuang ethnicities were all lower than the WHO standards and with differences on height and weight among them. There were also ethnic differences on the status of malnutrition. Prevalence rates of stunting were 14.7%, 20.3%, 26.9% and 26.5% for Han, Uyghur, Tibetan and Zhuang ethnicities, respectively. Prevalence rates of underweight were 6.1%, 10.7%, 6.8% and 15.5% among the Han, Uyghur, Tibetan and Zhuang ethnicities, respectively. The prevalence rates of wasting were 4.2%, 5.3%, 2.9%, 8.9%, and of under nutrition were 19.2%, 25.5%, 30.3% and 36.5% for the Han, the Uyghur, the Tibetan and the Zhuang ethnicities, respectively. When factors as family size, years of schooling of parents, family numbers, sex, age (months), mother's height and weight, ways of feeding and sources of family income etc. were adjusted, children with Uyghur, Tibetan, Zhuang and other ethnicities were still presented more malnutrition than the children with Han ethnicity.

CONCLUSION

There were differences on malnutrition status of children under the age of three years among the studies on different ethnicities. Undernutrition was less than nutritional status, seen in children of the Han nationality than other minority ethnicities. Ethnicity seemed to be related to differences in the nutritional status of children in western China while children of the Han nationality would be better than other minorities on nutritional status if they were in same living conditional.

摘要

目的

探讨中国西部地区3岁以下儿童营养状况的民族差异，并确定影响因素。

方法

采用按比例的人口抽样方法，在中国西部45个县招募了14072名3岁以下儿童及其母亲。身高和体重作为儿童营养状况的衡量指标。

结果

汉族、维吾尔族、藏族和壮族儿童的身高和体重均低于世界卫生组织标准，且他们之间在身高和体重方面存在差异。营养不良状况也存在民族差异。汉族、维吾尔族、藏族和壮族儿童的发育迟缓患病率分别为14.7%、20.3%、26.9%和26.5%。汉族、维吾尔族、藏族和壮族儿童的体重不足患病率分别为6.1%、10.7%、6.8%和15.5%。汉族、维吾尔族、藏族和壮族儿童的消瘦患病率分别为4.2%、5.3%、2.9%、8.9%，营养不足患病率分别为19.2%、25.5%、30.3%和36.5%。当对家庭规模、父母受教育年限、家庭人口数、性别、年龄（月龄）、母亲身高和体重、喂养方式及家庭收入来源等因素进行调整后，维吾尔族、藏族、壮族等民族的儿童仍比汉族儿童存在更多的营养不良情况。