Nebraska Department of Health and Human Services, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA.
Traffic Inj Prev. 2013;14(7):697-702. doi: 10.1080/15389588.2012.760126.
The lack of race information for nonfatal motor vehicle crash injuries in the United States has limited the understanding of racial disparities in motor vehicle crashes (MVCs). In this article, we describe a pilot surveillance project in Nebraska that linked crash reports and driver's license records to investigate racial disparity among nonfatal MVC injuries.
The project linked 43,157 severely and nonseverely injured drivers from crash reports between 2006 and 2010 to the corresponding state driver's license database so that drivers' race information from each MVC could be retrieved. A log rate model was used to examine the likelihood of MVC injuries by drivers' race along the dimensions of age, sex, and place of residence.
Black drivers had 31.6 and 87 percent more severe and nonsevere injuries, respectively, than white drivers. Rural residents were more likely than urban residents to have severe MVC injuries. Controlling for residence status, age, and sex did not alter the basic pattern that black drivers had higher rates of nonfatal MVC injuries.
The linkage approach provides an effective way to obtain additional information for MVC injury disparity surveillance. To reduce racial disparities in severe and nonsevere MVC injuries, race-sex-, race-age-, and race-location-specific interventions should be considered based on their significant contributions to disparity.
美国非致命性机动车碰撞伤害缺乏种族信息，限制了对机动车碰撞（MVC）中种族差异的理解。在本文中，我们描述了内布拉斯加州的一个试点监测项目，该项目将碰撞报告和驾驶执照记录联系起来，以调查非致命性 MVC 伤害中的种族差异。
该项目将 2006 年至 2010 年期间的 43157 名严重和非严重受伤的驾驶员从碰撞报告中链接到相应的州驾驶执照数据库，以便从每次 MVC 中检索驾驶员的种族信息。对数比率模型用于检查驾驶员种族在年龄、性别和居住地维度上发生 MVC 伤害的可能性。
黑人驾驶员的严重和非严重伤害分别比白人驾驶员高 31.6%和 87%。农村居民比城市居民更有可能发生严重的 MVC 伤害。控制居住状况、年龄和性别并没有改变黑人驾驶员发生非致命性 MVC 伤害率较高的基本模式。
这种联系方法为 MVC 伤害差异监测提供了一种获取额外信息的有效方法。为了减少严重和非严重 MVC 伤害中的种族差异，应根据种族-性别、种族-年龄和种族-地点的具体差异，考虑针对这些差异的具体干预措施。
