Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72202, USA.
J Rural Health. 2013 Aug;29 Suppl 1(0 1):s70-8. doi: 10.1111/jrh.12000. Epub 2013 Jan 28.
Booster seats reduce mortality and morbidity for young children in car crashes, but use is low, particularly in rural areas. This study targeted rural communities in 4 states using a community sports-based approach.
The Strike Out Child Passenger Injury (Strike Out) intervention incorporated education about booster seat use in children ages 4-7 years within instructional baseball programs. We tested the effectiveness of Strike Out in increasing correct restraint use among participating children.
Twenty communities with similar demographics from 4 states participated in a nonrandomized, controlled trial. Surveys of restraint use were conducted before and after baseball season. Intervention communities received tailored education and parents had direct consultation on booster seat use. Control communities received only brochures.
One thousand fourteen preintervention observation surveys for children ages 4-7 years (Intervention Group [I]: N = 511, Control [C]: N = 503) and 761 postintervention surveys (I: N = 409, C: N = 352) were obtained. For 3 of 4 states, the intervention resulted in increases in recommended child restraint use (Alabama +15.5%, Arkansas +16.1%, Illinois +11.0%). Communities in 1 state (Indiana) did not have a positive response (-9.2%). Overall, unadjusted restraint use increased 10.2% in intervention and 1.7% in control communities (P = .02). After adjustment for each state in the study, booster seat use was increased in intervention communities (Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel odds ratio 1.56, 95% confidence interval [1.16-2.10]).
A tailored intervention using baseball programs increased appropriate restraint use among targeted rural children overall and in 3 of 4 states studied. Such interventions hold promise for expansion into other sports and populations.
汽车碰撞中，儿童增高座椅可降低婴幼儿的死亡率和发病率，但使用率较低，尤其是在农村地区。本研究采用以社区体育为基础的方法，针对四个州的农村社区开展。
“杜绝儿童乘车受伤”（Strike Out）干预措施将针对 4-7 岁儿童使用增高座椅的相关教育纳入教学棒球项目。我们检验了 Strike Out 提高参与儿童正确约束装置使用率的效果。
四个州中，20 个具有相似人口统计学特征的社区参与了一项非随机对照试验。在棒球赛季前后进行了约束装置使用情况的调查。干预社区接受了针对性的教育，家长还可直接咨询增高座椅的使用问题。对照组仅收到宣传册。
在棒球赛季前，我们共获得了 1014 份针对 4-7 岁儿童的观察性调查问卷（干预组 [I]：N = 511，对照组 [C]：N = 503），赛季后获得了 761 份问卷（I：N = 409，C：N = 352）。对于四个州中的三个州（阿拉巴马州+15.5%，阿肯色州+16.1%，伊利诺伊州+11.0%），干预措施导致推荐的儿童约束装置使用率增加。一个州（印第安纳州）没有产生积极的响应（-9.2%）。总体而言，干预组的约束装置使用率增加了 10.2%，对照组增加了 1.7%（P =.02）。在对研究中的每个州进行调整后，干预社区的增高座椅使用率增加（Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel 比值比 1.56，95%置信区间 [1.16-2.10]）。
一项针对农村儿童的、使用棒球项目的定制干预措施总体上增加了适当的约束装置使用率，在四个研究州中的三个州也提高了使用率。此类干预措施有望推广到其他运动和人群。
