University of Cadi Ayyad, Marrakech, Morocco.
J Ethnobiol Ethnomed. 2013 Aug 15;9(1):59. doi: 10.1186/1746-4269-9-59.
A literature review revealed heavy reliance on a few key publications for identification of medicinal plant species from local or vernacular names and a lack of citation of voucher specimens in many publications. There is a need for more reliable and standardized data on the identity of species used for medicine, especially because local names vary from region to region. This is especially true in the case of medicinal roots, for which identification of species is difficult. This paper contributes to existing data on the species sold as medicinal roots (and other underground plant parts such as bulbs, corms, rhizomes and tubers) in Morocco.
Data were collected in collaboration with herbalists in Marrakech and collectors in rural regions near Marrakech where species are collected from the wild. The ethno-medicinal uses of these species were also recorded.
We identified the vernacular names for 67 medicinal roots (by free listing) used to treat a variety of human diseases. We were able to collect and identify one or more species for 39 of the recorded vernacular names. The ones we were not able to identify were either imported or no longer available in the markets. We collected more than one species for some of the vernacular names for a total of 43 species. We identified six new vernacular names and four species which had not been previously described in the literature. Our botanical identification matched at least one of the names listed in the literature 63% of the time and did not match any species listed in the literature 37% of the time. Of the three most commonly cited pieces of literature we compared to, we found the greatest overlap with the broader, more comprehensive work of Bellakhdar 1997 (as opposed to Benchâabane and Abbad 1997 which worked in a similarly focused geographical area). However there was only 63% agreement between Bellakhdar 1997 and our botanical identifications, and 29% of the time our identification didn't match even the genus of any of the species listed in any of the 3 most commonly cited pieces of literature.
More rigorous methodology and reporting are needed for medicinal plant research in Morocco. This will ensure that studies are comparable, help to protect traditional medicine users from negative health effects, and, support efforts to conserve overharvested wild medicinal plants.
文献综述显示，在识别本地或当地名称的药用植物物种方面，严重依赖少数几个关键出版物，并且许多出版物都没有引用凭证标本。需要有更可靠和标准化的数据来确定用于医学的物种，特别是因为当地名称因地区而异。这在药用根方面尤其如此，因为很难识别物种。本文为摩洛哥销售的药用根（以及其他地下植物部分，如鳞茎、球茎、根茎和块茎）的现有物种数据做出了贡献。
数据是与马拉喀什的草药师和马拉喀什附近农村地区的采集者合作收集的，在这些地区，人们从野外采集这些物种。还记录了这些物种的民族医学用途。
我们通过自由列表识别了 67 种药用根（按俗名），用于治疗各种人类疾病。我们能够为记录的 39 个俗名中的一个或多个物种进行收集和鉴定。我们无法识别的那些要么是进口的，要么在市场上已经不再可用。对于一些俗名，我们采集了一种以上的物种，总共有 43 种。我们鉴定了六个新的俗名和四个以前在文献中没有描述过的物种。我们的植物学鉴定与文献中列出的名称有 63%的时间相匹配，而与文献中列出的任何物种都没有匹配的有 37%的时间。在我们比较的三种最常被引用的文献中，我们发现与 Bellakhdar 1997 的更广泛、更全面的工作的重叠最多（而不是与 Benchâabane 和 Abbad 1997 重叠，他们在类似的集中地理区域工作）。然而，Bellakhdar 1997 与我们的植物学鉴定只有 63%的一致性，而且我们的鉴定有 29%的时间甚至与任何三种最常被引用的文献中列出的任何物种的属都不匹配。
摩洛哥的药用植物研究需要更严格的方法和报告。这将确保研究具有可比性，帮助保护传统医学使用者免受不良健康影响，并支持保护过度采集的野生药用植物的努力。
