Department of Neurosurgery, Thomas Jefferson University and Jefferson Hospital for Neuroscience, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA.
Molecules. 2013 Aug 13;18(8):9670-83. doi: 10.3390/molecules18089670.
Inflammation is increasingly being understood to be a key component to the pathophysiology of cerebrovascular lesions. Ferumoxytol, an iron oxide nanoparticle coated by a carbohydrate shell, has been used in MRI studies as an inflammatory marker because it is cleared by macrophages. Ferumoxytol-enhanced MRI has emerged as an important tool for noninvasive assessment of the inflammatory status of cerebrovascular lesions, namely aneurysms and arteriovenous malformations. Moreover, preliminary evidence suggests that ferumoxytol-enhanced MRI could be applied as a non-invasive tool to differentiate "unstable" lesions that require early intervention from "stable" lesions in which observation may be safe. Assessment of the effects of anti-inflammatory pharmacological interventions on cerebrovascular lesions is also a potentially crucial application of the technique. Future improvements in technique and MRI signal quantification will certainly pave the way for widespread and efficient use of ferumoxytol-enhanced MRI in clinical practice. In this paper, we review current data regarding ferumoxytol-enhanced MRI and discuss its current/potential applications and future perspectives.
炎症越来越被认为是脑血管病变病理生理学的一个关键组成部分。Ferumoxytol 是一种被碳水化合物壳包裹的氧化铁纳米颗粒，已在 MRI 研究中用作炎症标志物，因为它被巨噬细胞清除。Ferumoxytol 增强 MRI 已成为评估脑血管病变（即动脉瘤和动静脉畸形）炎症状态的重要工具。此外，初步证据表明，Ferumoxytol 增强 MRI 可用作一种非侵入性工具，将需要早期干预的“不稳定”病变与观察可能安全的“稳定”病变区分开来。评估抗炎药物干预对脑血管病变的影响也是该技术的一个潜在关键应用。未来在技术和 MRI 信号定量方面的改进肯定将为 Ferumoxytol 增强 MRI 在临床实践中的广泛和有效应用铺平道路。本文综述了 Ferumoxytol 增强 MRI 的现有数据，并讨论了其当前/潜在的应用和未来前景。
