Biotechnology Research Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, SRTM University, Nanded, Maharashtra, 431606, India; Department of Molecular Biotechnology, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul, 143-701, South Korea.
Chem Biol Drug Des. 2014 Jan;83(1):119-25. doi: 10.1111/cbdd.12205. Epub 2013 Oct 4.
Chemical investigations into maize (Zea mays L.) kernels yielded phenolic compounds, which were structurally established using chromatographic and spectroscopic methods. The isolated phenolic compounds from maize kernel were examined in vitro for their antioxidant abilities by DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazine) radical, OH radical scavenging activity, and reducing ability, along with α-glucosidase and xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibition. The isolated maize phenolics revealed significant xanthine oxidase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity to that of allopurinol and acarbose in vitro and in vivo, respectively. The kinetics study with xanthine oxidase revealed competitive type of inhibition by isolated maize vanillic acid (M2), ferulic acid (M5), 3'-methoxyhirsutrin (M7), and peonidin-3-glucoside (M10) as compared to control allopurinol. Overall, with few exceptions, all the phenolic compounds from maize kernel revealed significant biological activities with all parameters examined. Also, the phenolic compounds from maize were found to be more reactive toward DPPH radical and had considerable reducing ability and OH radical scavenging activity. These findings suggest that maize kernel phenolic compounds can be considered as potential antioxidant, α-glucosidase, and XO inhibitory agents those might be further explored for the design of lead antioxidant, antidiabetic and antigout drug candidates using in vivo trials.
对玉米（Zea mays L.）籽粒进行的化学研究得到了酚类化合物，这些化合物通过色谱和光谱方法进行了结构鉴定。从玉米籽粒中分离出的酚类化合物在体外通过 DPPH（2,2-二苯基-1-苦肼基）自由基、OH 自由基清除活性和还原能力，以及α-葡萄糖苷酶和黄嘌呤氧化酶（XO）抑制活性来检测其抗氧化能力。分离出的玉米酚类化合物对黄嘌呤氧化酶和α-葡萄糖苷酶具有显著的抑制活性，体外分别与别嘌呤醇和阿卡波糖相当，体内也有类似的结果。与对照别嘌呤醇相比，黄嘌呤氧化酶的动力学研究表明，分离出的玉米香草酸（M2）、阿魏酸（M5）、3'-甲氧基胡芦巴碱（M7）和牡荆素-3-葡萄糖苷（M10）为竞争型抑制。总的来说，除了少数例外，所有从玉米籽粒中分离出的酚类化合物都具有显著的生物学活性，所有参数都得到了检测。此外，玉米中的酚类化合物对 DPPH 自由基的反应性更强，具有相当大的还原能力和 OH 自由基清除活性。这些发现表明，玉米籽粒酚类化合物可被视为潜在的抗氧化剂、α-葡萄糖苷酶和 XO 抑制剂，可进一步通过体内试验探索设计抗氧化、抗糖尿病和抗痛风药物的先导化合物。
