Microbiology and Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang-Cameroon, P.O. Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon.
BMC Complement Altern Med. 2013 Aug 17;13:211. doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-13-211.
Picralima nitida Stapf (Apocynaceae) is a medicinal plant used traditionally in Cameroon to cure various ailments such as gastrointestinal disorders and dysentery. This study reports the in vitro and in vivo anti-shigellosis activity of the methanol extract of this plant on rats.
The antimicrobial activity of the extract against pathogenic strains was evaluated using the disc diffusion assay and broth microdilution method. After oral administration of a suspension of Shigella dysenteriae type I (sd1), diarrheic rats were divided into 5 groups; the control group received the vehicle of the extract and the four others 125, 250, 500 mg/kg of the plant extract and ciprofloxacin (20 mg/kg) respectively for 7 days. The frequency of faeces emission as well as the weight of normal and diarrheic faeces was recorded. The presence of stools containing mucus or blood and the number of sd1 in faeces were also recorded.
In vitro, the extract had an antimicrobial effect on 11 out of the 17 pathogenic strains tested. The values of CMI and CMB obtain against Shigella dysenteriae type I were 800 and 6400 μg/ml respectively. In vivo, diarrhoea induction was effective and we notice an increase in faeces frequency and weight (p < 0.05), increase in the percentage of diarrheic stool released as well as the mucus contained in stool (p < 0.05), an increase in bacterial population in stool (p < 0.05). Picralima nitida extract, like ciprofloxacin markedly reduces the frequency faeces released and sd1 density from 100% (diarrheic rats) to 47.22 and 61.69% (500 mg/kg) respectively. It also slowed down the movement of charcoal meal through gastro-intestinal tract with the percentage of intestinal length covered of 60.54 (500 mg/kg).
This anti-shigellosis activity in vitro and in vivo attests the usefulness of Picralima nitida in the traditional treatment of gastrointestinal disorders such as dysentery.
Picralima nitida Stapf（夹竹桃科）是一种药用植物，在喀麦隆传统上用于治疗各种疾病，如胃肠道疾病和痢疾。本研究报告了该植物甲醇提取物对大鼠的体外和体内抗痢疾活性。
采用圆盘扩散法和肉汤微量稀释法评价提取物对病原菌的抗菌活性。口服志贺氏痢疾杆菌 I 型（sd1）后，将腹泻大鼠分为 5 组；对照组给予提取物的载体，其余 4 组分别给予 125、250、500mg/kg 植物提取物和环丙沙星（20mg/kg），连续 7 天。记录粪便排出频率以及正常和腹泻粪便的重量。还记录粪便中是否含有粘液或血液以及粪便中 sd1 的数量。
体外，该提取物对 17 株受试病原菌中的 11 株具有抗菌作用。获得的志贺氏痢疾杆菌 I 型 CMI 和 CMB 值分别为 800 和 6400μg/ml。体内，腹泻诱导有效，我们注意到粪便频率和重量增加（p<0.05），粪便中腹泻粪便的百分比增加以及粪便中所含的粘液增加（p<0.05），粪便中细菌数量增加（p<0.05）。 Picralima nitida 提取物，如环丙沙星，可显著降低粪便释放频率和 sd1 密度，分别从 100%（腹泻大鼠）降至 47.22%和 61.69%（500mg/kg）。它还通过胃肠道减慢了木炭粉的运动，肠道长度覆盖率为 60.54%（500mg/kg）。
体外和体内的抗痢疾活性证明了 Picralima nitida 在传统治疗胃肠道疾病如痢疾方面的有用性。
