Putz Katherine, Hayani Karen, Zar Fred Arthur
Department of Family Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1919 West Taylor Street MC 663, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
Prim Care. 2013 Sep;40(3):707-26. doi: 10.1016/j.pop.2013.06.001. Epub 2013 Jul 25.
Meningitis is defined as inflammation of the meninges, in almost all cases identified by an abnormal number of white blood cells in the cerebrospinal fluid and specific clinical signs/symptoms. Onset may be acute or chronic, and clinical symptoms of acute disease develop over hours to days. This article reviews the epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and management of acute meningitis, and provides a list of key points for primary care practitioners. Aseptic and bacterial meningitis vary significantly and are discussed separately.
脑膜炎的定义为脑膜的炎症，几乎在所有病例中，通过脑脊液中白细胞数量异常及特定临床体征/症状得以确诊。起病可为急性或慢性，急性疾病的临床症状在数小时至数天内发展而成。本文回顾了急性脑膜炎的流行病学、病理生理学、临床表现、诊断及管理，并为初级保健从业者提供了要点清单。无菌性脑膜炎和细菌性脑膜炎差异显著，将分别进行讨论。
