Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.
Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep. 2013 Oct;13(10):384. doi: 10.1007/s11910-013-0384-x.
Poor oral health, including caries, tooth loss, and periodontitis, is ubiquitous worldwide, and is potentially treatable and preventable. Like adverse oral health conditions, Alzheimer disease and related disorders are also very common among aging populations. Established risk factors for Alzheimer disease include cerebrovascular disease and its vascular risk factors, many of which share associations with evidence of systemic inflammation also identified in periodontitis and other poor oral health states. In this review, we present epidemiologic evidence of links between poor oral health and both prevalent and incident cognitive impairment, and review plausible mechanisms linking these conditions, including evidence from compelling animal models. Considering that a large etiologic fraction of dementia remains unexplained, these studies argue for further multidisciplinary research between oral health conditions, including translational, epidemiologic, and possibly clinical treatment studies.
口腔健康不良（包括龋齿、牙齿缺失和牙周炎）在全球范围内普遍存在，而且具有潜在的可治疗和可预防的特点。与不良口腔健康状况类似，阿尔茨海默病及相关疾病在老年人群中也非常普遍。阿尔茨海默病的既定风险因素包括脑血管疾病及其血管风险因素，其中许多因素与牙周炎和其他口腔健康不良状况中发现的系统性炎症证据有关。在这篇综述中，我们提出了口腔健康不良与普遍存在和新发认知障碍之间关联的流行病学证据，并回顾了将这些情况联系起来的合理机制，包括来自有力的动物模型的证据。鉴于痴呆症的很大一部分病因仍然未知，这些研究主张在口腔健康状况之间进行进一步的多学科研究，包括转化、流行病学和可能的临床治疗研究。
