Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tübingen Tübingen, Germany.
Front Physiol. 2013 Aug 14;4:212. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2013.00212. eCollection 2013.
The standard treatment of many tumor entities comprises fractionated radiation therapy which applies ionizing radiation to the tumor-bearing target volume. Ionizing radiation causes double-strand breaks in the DNA backbone that result in cell death if the number of DNA double-strand breaks exceeds the DNA repair capacity of the tumor cell. Ionizing radiation reportedly does not only act on the DNA in the nucleus but also on the plasma membrane. In particular, ionizing radiation-induced modifications of ion channels and transporters have been reported. Importantly, these altered transports seem to contribute to the survival of the irradiated tumor cells. The present review article summarizes our current knowledge on the underlying mechanisms and introduces strategies to radiosensitize tumor cells by targeting plasma membrane ion transports.
许多肿瘤实体的标准治疗方法包括分次放射治疗，即将电离辐射应用于肿瘤靶区。电离辐射会导致 DNA 骨架中的双链断裂，如果肿瘤细胞的 DNA 双链断裂修复能力超过 DNA 双链断裂的数量，就会导致细胞死亡。据报道，电离辐射不仅作用于细胞核中的 DNA，还作用于质膜。特别是，已经报道了电离辐射诱导的离子通道和转运体的修饰。重要的是，这些改变的转运似乎有助于受照射的肿瘤细胞的存活。本文综述了我们目前对潜在机制的认识，并介绍了通过靶向质膜离子转运来增敏肿瘤细胞的策略。
