Jensen Anne Birgitte, Hounsgaard Lise
Department of Medicine, Queen Ingrid's Hospital, Nuuk, Greenland.
Int J Circumpolar Health. 2013 Aug 5;72. doi: 10.3402/ijch.v72i0.21657. eCollection 2013.
Smoking-related illnesses, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cardiovascular disease and lung cancer, are common in Greenland. Factors such as age, gender, cigarette use, restricted smoking at home and socio-economic determinants are well-known predictors for smoking and smoking cessation. In 2005, 66% of the adult population in were Greenland smokers, despite widespread smoking cessation campaigns. It is therefore imperative to identify the factors that influence the low levels of smoking cessation to be able to offer cessation interventions of high quality.
To develop knowledge about how smoking forms an incorporated part of a social and cultural context in the daily lives of unskilled residents of a small town in northern Greenland.
An ethnographic field study was carried out in 2010, including participant observation, informal conversation with health professionals and semi-structured interviews with 4 smokers (2 women and 2 men). Data were analysed with a phenomenological hermeneutic approach.
All informants were daily smokers. During work hours, they smoked fewer cigarettes due to control policy as well as having something to do. At home, they smoke more during leisure time. Having time on one's hands can be a factor in smokers remaining as smokers. It appears that smokers seem to consider themselves to be stigmatised. This may be one reason for wanting to stop smoking. Smokers ask how to quit and also ask for help to give up smoking with regard to medical treatment for withdrawal symptoms. Serious illness and pregnancy both appear to be triggers to consider giving up smoking. Severe withdrawal symptoms and lack of knowledge about how to give up smoking are barriers to participants achieving their goal.
Prevention initiatives should be targeted at all smokers and a smoking cessation service should be developed, where smokers are supervised and receive medical treatment for withdrawal symptoms.
与吸烟相关的疾病，如慢性阻塞性肺疾病、心血管疾病和肺癌，在格陵兰很常见。年龄、性别、吸烟习惯、家中限制吸烟以及社会经济因素等都是吸烟和戒烟的已知预测因素。2005年，尽管开展了广泛的戒烟运动，但格陵兰66%的成年人口仍为吸烟者。因此，必须确定影响戒烟率低的因素，以便能够提供高质量的戒烟干预措施。
了解吸烟如何成为格陵兰北部一个小镇非技术居民日常生活中社会和文化背景的一部分。
2010年进行了一项人种学实地研究，包括参与观察、与卫生专业人员的非正式交谈以及对4名吸烟者（2名女性和2名男性）的半结构化访谈。采用现象学诠释学方法对数据进行分析。
所有受访者均为每日吸烟者。在工作时间，由于控制政策以及有事可做，他们吸烟较少。在家中，他们在休闲时间吸烟更多。有空余时间可能是吸烟者继续吸烟的一个因素。吸烟者似乎认为自己受到了污名化。这可能是他们想要戒烟的一个原因。吸烟者询问如何戒烟，并寻求帮助以通过药物治疗戒断症状来戒烟。重病和怀孕似乎都是考虑戒烟的触发因素。严重的戒断症状以及对如何戒烟缺乏了解是参与者实现戒烟目标的障碍。
预防措施应针对所有吸烟者，并应建立戒烟服务，对吸烟者进行监督，并为戒断症状提供药物治疗。
