Fumagalli Monica, Bassi Laura, Sirgiovanni Ida, Mosca Fabio, Sannia Andrea, Ramenghi Luca A
a NICU, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health , Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Università degli Studi di Milano , Milan , Italy and.
b Neonatal Intensive Care Unit , Istituto Giannina Gaslini , Genova , Italy.
J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2015 Nov;28 Suppl 1:2280-5. doi: 10.3109/14767058.2013.796168. Epub 2013 Aug 23.
For many years cerebellar development after preterm birth has been poorly investigated and has been studied without taking germinal matrix-intraventricular haemorrhage into account. Advanced neuroimaging techniques like magnetic resonance imaging, as well as the use of various acoustic windows (mastoid fontanelle, occipital foramen) have allowed for in vivo diagnosis of acquired focal haemorrhagic lesions in the cerebellum of very preterm babies. The vulnerability of the cerebellum also seems to be related to specific gestational ages, i.e., between 23 and 27 weeks, when rapid growth in cerebellar volume occurs and at a much faster rate than mean brain volume increase. In this paper, the contribution of the cerebellum in long-term motor cognitive, learning and behavioural functions, including psychiatric ones, is discussed.
多年来，早产后脑小脑发育情况一直未得到充分研究，且研究时未考虑生发基质 - 脑室内出血情况。诸如磁共振成像等先进神经成像技术，以及使用各种声学窗口（乳突囟门、枕骨大孔），使得对极早产儿小脑后天性局灶性出血性病变进行活体诊断成为可能。小脑的易损性似乎也与特定孕周有关，即孕23至27周之间，此时小脑体积快速增长，且增长速度远快于平均脑容量增加速度。本文讨论了小脑在长期运动、认知、学习及行为功能（包括精神功能）方面的作用。
