1Department of Forensic Genetics and Forensic Toxicology, National Board of Forensic Medicine, Linköping SE-58758, Sweden.
J Anal Toxicol. 2013 Oct;37(8):534-41. doi: 10.1093/jat/bkt068. Epub 2013 Aug 22.
In recent years, several synthetic cannabinoid compounds have become popular recreational drugs of abuse because of their psychoactive properties. This paper presents toxicological findings of synthetic cannabinoids in whole blood from some cases of severe intoxication including quantitative data from recreational users and a fatal intoxication. Samples were analyzed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry in a scheduled multiple reaction mode after a basic liquid extraction. Twenty-nine synthetic cannabinoids were included in the method. In our data set of ~3000 cases, 28% were found positive for one or more synthetic cannabinoid(s). The most common finding was AM-2201. Most of the analytes had median concentrations of <0.5 ng/g in agreement with other published data. The emerging drugs MAM-2201 (n = 151) and UR-144 (n = 181) had mean (median) concentrations of 1.04 (0.37) and 1.26 (0.34), respectively. The toxicity of the synthetic cannabinoids seems to be worse than that of natural cannabis, probably owing to the higher potency and perhaps also to the presence of several different cannabinoids in the smoked incense and the difficulties of proper dosing. The acute toxic effects may under certain circumstances contribute to death.
近年来，由于具有致幻特性，一些合成大麻素化合物已成为流行的滥用娱乐性药物。本文介绍了一些严重中毒病例中全血中合成大麻素的毒理学发现，包括娱乐性使用者和致命中毒的定量数据。样品经基本液提取后，采用液相色谱-串联质谱在预定多重反应模式下进行分析。该方法包括 29 种合成大麻素。在我们约 3000 例的数据集，有 28% 的案例检测出一种或多种合成大麻素阳性。最常见的发现是 AM-2201。大多数分析物的中位数浓度均<0.5ng/g，与其他已发表的数据一致。新兴药物 MAM-2201（n=151）和 UR-144（n=181）的浓度均值（中位数）分别为 1.04（0.37）和 1.26（0.34）。合成大麻素的毒性似乎比天然大麻更严重，这可能是由于其效力更高，也可能是由于熏香中存在几种不同的大麻素，以及正确给药的难度。在某些情况下，急性毒性作用可能导致死亡。
