J Cogn Neurosci. 1991 Spring;3(2):95-116. doi: 10.1162/jocn.1991.3.2.95.
As part of the general trend toward interdisciplinary research in recent years, a growing number of investigators have come to consider both cognitive and neuroscientific perspectives when theorizing about memory. Although such cognitive neuroscience analyses are a relatively recent development, the approach has precedents in earlier scientific thinking about memory. In this article we present a historical review of three major issues in memory research---consolidation processes, the nature of memory representations, and multiple memory systems. We discuss the nature of the relation between cognitive and neuroscientific approaches to each of these issues with respect to the distinction between collateral, complementary, and convergent relations (Schacter, 1986). Although some early investigators offered analyses that linked psychological and physiological perspectives, there is little historical evidence of systematic or sustained interdisciplinary research. However, more recent work, especially with respect to hypotheses about memory systems, suggests progress toward establishing programmatic interdisciplinary research.
近年来，随着跨学科研究的总体趋势，越来越多的研究人员在对记忆进行理论研究时，同时考虑认知和神经科学的观点。尽管这种认知神经科学分析是相对较新的发展，但这种方法在早期关于记忆的科学思维中已有先例。在本文中，我们回顾了记忆研究中的三个主要问题——巩固过程、记忆表征的本质以及多个记忆系统。我们讨论了认知和神经科学方法与区分旁支、互补和趋同关系（Schacter，1986）之间对这些问题的关系的本质。尽管一些早期的研究者提供了将心理和生理观点联系起来的分析，但很少有历史证据表明存在系统或持续的跨学科研究。然而，最近的工作，特别是关于记忆系统假设的工作，表明在建立有计划的跨学科研究方面取得了进展。
