Meilinger Tobias, Riecke Bernhard E, Bülthoff Heinrich H
a Max-Planck-Institute for Biological Cybernetics , Tübingen , Germany.
Q J Exp Psychol (Hove). 2014;67(3):542-69. doi: 10.1080/17470218.2013.821145. Epub 2013 Aug 25.
Two experiments examined how locations in environmental spaces, which cannot be overseen from one location, are represented in memory: by global reference frames, multiple local reference frames, or orientation-free representations. After learning an immersive virtual environment by repeatedly walking a closed multisegment route, participants pointed to seven previously learned targets from different locations. Contrary to many conceptions of survey knowledge, local reference frames played an important role: Participants performed better when their body or pointing targets were aligned with the local reference frame (corridor). Moreover, most participants turned their head to align it with local reference frames. However, indications for global reference frames were also found: Participants performed better when their body or current corridor was parallel/orthogonal to a global reference frame instead of oblique. Participants showing this pattern performed comparatively better. We conclude that survey tasks can be solved based on interconnected local reference frames. Participants who pointed more accurately or quickly additionally used global reference frames.
是通过全局参照系、多个局部参照系还是无方向表征。在通过反复沿着一条封闭的多段路线行走来学习沉浸式虚拟环境后，参与者从不同位置指向七个之前学过的目标。与许多关于概观知识的概念相反，局部参照系起到了重要作用：当参与者的身体或指向目标与局部参照系（走廊）对齐时，他们的表现更好。此外，大多数参与者会转动头部使其与局部参照系对齐。然而，也发现了全局参照系的迹象：当参与者的身体或当前走廊与全局参照系平行/正交而非倾斜时，他们的表现更好。呈现这种模式的参与者表现相对更好。我们得出结论，概观任务可以基于相互关联的局部参照系来解决。指向更准确或更快的参与者还额外使用了全局参照系。
