State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2014 Jan 1;466-467:755-61. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.07.062. Epub 2013 Aug 25.
Occurrence and behavior of six antiviral pharmaceuticals (acyclovir, ganciclovir, oseltamivir, ribavirin, stavudine and zidovudine) and one active metabolite oseltamivir carboxylate were investigated in wastewater, landfill leachate, river water, reservoir and well water in the vicinity of municipal landfills in the Pearl River Delta, China. Acyclovir was the only antiviral detected in the wastewater at 177-406 (mean=238) and 114-205 (mean=154) ng L(-1) in the influent and final effluent, respectively. Aerobic biodegradation appeared to be the main process for the elimination of acyclovir in the wastewater. Acyclovir was also the only antiviral quantitatively detected in the Pearl River and its tributaries, with a maximum concentration up to 113 ng L(-1). Treated wastewater was a major source of acyclovir in the rivers. The highest concentration of acyclovir was observed in winter in the river water and the dilution effect by precipitation was suggested to be the dominant factor impacting the seasonal pattern of acyclovir in the rivers. No antivirals were quantitatively detected in the well water whereas acyclovir was frequently detected in the reservoirs at a maximal concentration of 33.6 ng L(-1) in the vicinity of the municipal landfills. However, source identification and fate of acyclovir in the reservoirs pend on further research.
在中国珠江三角洲的城市垃圾填埋场附近，对废水、垃圾渗滤液、河水、水库和井水进行了研究，以调查六种抗病毒药物（阿昔洛韦、更昔洛韦、奥司他韦、利巴韦林、司他夫定和齐多夫定）和一种活性代谢物奥司他韦羧酸的出现和行为。在废水的进水和出水分别检测到 177-406（平均值=238）和 114-205（平均值=154）ng/L 的阿昔洛韦是唯一检测到的抗病毒药物。好氧生物降解似乎是废水处理中阿昔洛韦消除的主要过程。阿昔洛韦也是珠江及其支流中唯一定量检测到的抗病毒药物，最高浓度可达 113 ng/L。处理过的废水是河流中阿昔洛韦的主要来源。阿昔洛韦在河水中的浓度最高出现在冬季，降水的稀释作用被认为是影响河流中阿昔洛韦季节性模式的主要因素。在井水未定量检测到抗病毒药物，但在靠近城市垃圾填埋场的水库中频繁检测到阿昔洛韦，最高浓度为 33.6 ng/L。然而，阿昔洛韦在水库中的来源识别和命运取决于进一步的研究。
