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在日本的污水排放和河水中检测到奥司他韦羧酸，它是奥司他韦磷酸盐（达菲）的活性代谢物。

Oseltamivir carboxylate, the active metabolite of oseltamivir phosphate (Tamiflu), detected in sewage discharge and river water in Japan.

机构信息

Research Centre for Environmental Quality Management, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Otsu, Shiga, Japan.

出版信息

Environ Health Perspect. 2010 Jan;118(1):103-7. doi: 10.1289/ehp.0900930.

DOI:10.1289/ehp.0900930
PMID:20056566
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2831951/
Abstract

BACKGROUND

Oseltamivir phosphate (OP; Tamiflu) is a prodrug of the anti-influenza neuraminidase inhibitor oseltamivir carboxylate (OC) and has been developed for the treatment and prevention of both A and B strains of influenza. The recent increase in OP resistance in influenza A virus (H1N1; commonly called "swine flu") has raised questions about the widespread use of Tamiflu in seasonal epidemics and the potential ecotoxicologic risk associated with its use in the event of a pandemic.

OBJECTIVES

The objectives of this study were to develop an analytical method for quantitative determination of OC in sewage treatment plant (STP) effluent and receiving river water, and to investigate the occurrence of OC in STP effluent and river water in Japan during a seasonal flu outbreak.

METHODS

We developed an analytical method based on solid-phase extraction followed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Using this method, we analyzed samples from three sampling campaigns conducted during the 2008-2009 flu season in Kyoto City, Japan.

RESULTS

The highest concentration of OC detected in STP discharge was 293.3 ng/L from a conventional activated-sludge-based STP; however, we detected only 37.9 ng/L from an advanced STP with ozonation as a tertiary treatment. In the receiving river water samples, we detected 6.6-190.2 ng/L OC, during the peak of the flu season.

CONCLUSION

OC is present in STP effluent and river water only during the flu season. Ozonation as tertiary treatment in STP will substantially reduce the OC load in STP effluent during an influenza epidemic or pandemic.

摘要

背景

磷酸奥司他韦（OP；达菲）是抗流感神经氨酸酶抑制剂奥司他韦羧酸盐（OC）的前体药物，已被开发用于治疗和预防 A 型和 B 型流感。流感 A 病毒（H1N1；通常称为“猪流感”）中 OP 耐药性的增加引发了人们对达菲在季节性流行中的广泛使用以及在大流行中使用时潜在的生态毒理学风险的质疑。

目的

本研究的目的是开发一种用于定量测定污水处理厂（STP）出水和受纳河水中 OC 的分析方法，并调查日本季节性流感爆发期间 STP 出水中 OC 的发生情况。

方法

我们开发了一种基于固相萃取和液相色谱-串联质谱的分析方法。使用该方法，我们分析了日本京都市 2008-2009 年流感季节进行的三次采样活动中的样本。

结果

从传统活性污泥法 STP 中检测到的 OC 最高浓度为 293.3ng/L；然而，我们仅从采用臭氧作为三级处理的先进 STP 中检测到 37.9ng/L。在受纳河水中，在流感高峰期检测到 6.6-190.2ng/L 的 OC。

结论

OC 仅在流感季节存在于 STP 出水中和河水中。臭氧作为 STP 的三级处理将大大减少流感大流行或大流行期间 STP 出水中的 OC 负荷。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/4ffa/2831951/faf5bd859165/ehp-118-103f5.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/4ffa/2831951/60f1e8b54b6a/ehp-118-103f1.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/4ffa/2831951/3578f242857c/ehp-118-103f2.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/4ffa/2831951/87e244685d0a/ehp-118-103f3.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/4ffa/2831951/cf51f47ab189/ehp-118-103f4.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/4ffa/2831951/faf5bd859165/ehp-118-103f5.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/4ffa/2831951/60f1e8b54b6a/ehp-118-103f1.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/4ffa/2831951/3578f242857c/ehp-118-103f2.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/4ffa/2831951/87e244685d0a/ehp-118-103f3.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/4ffa/2831951/cf51f47ab189/ehp-118-103f4.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/4ffa/2831951/faf5bd859165/ehp-118-103f5.jpg

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