Díaz-Mataix Lorenzo, Tallot Lucille, Doyère Valérie
Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA.
Univ Paris-Sud, Centre de Neurosciences Paris-Sud, UMR 8195, Orsay F-91405, France.
Behav Processes. 2014 Jan;101:112-22. doi: 10.1016/j.beproc.2013.08.007. Epub 2013 Aug 22.
Pavlovian conditioning is the reference paradigm for the study of associative learning based on the programmed relation of two stimuli, the conditioned stimulus (CS) and the unconditioned stimulus (US). Some authors believe that learning the CS-US interval is a co-requisite of or a pre-requisite to learning the CS-US association. There is a substantial literature showing that the amygdala is a critical player in Pavlovian conditioning, with both aversive and appetitive USs. We review a sparse but growing body of literature suggesting that the amygdala may also participate in processing the timing of the CS-US interval. We discuss whether the amygdala, in particular its central, basal and lateral nuclei, in concert with the network it belongs to, may play a role in learning the CS-US interval. We also suggest new and dedicated strategies that would result in better knowledge of the neural mechanisms underlying the learning of the CS-US time interval in isolation from the CS-US association.
经典条件作用是基于条件刺激（CS）和非条件刺激（US）这两种刺激的程序性关联来研究联想学习的参考范式。一些作者认为，学习CS-US间隔是学习CS-US关联的共同必要条件或先决条件。有大量文献表明，杏仁核在经典条件作用中起着关键作用，无论是厌恶型还是奖赏型非条件刺激。我们回顾了少量但不断增加的文献，这些文献表明杏仁核可能也参与处理CS-US间隔的时间。我们讨论了杏仁核，特别是其中央核、基底核和外侧核，与其所属网络协同作用时，是否可能在学习CS-US间隔中发挥作用。我们还提出了新的专门策略，这些策略将有助于更深入地了解独立于CS-US关联之外学习CS-US时间间隔的神经机制。
