Martins Orlando, Ramos João Carlos, Baptista Isabel Poiares, Dard Michel M
1Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra , Coimbra , Portugal .
J Invest Surg. 2014 Feb;27(1):50-6. doi: 10.3109/08941939.2013.828805. Epub 2013 Aug 26.
To analyze the current available experimental canine models for peri-implantitis.
Electronic databases of the PubMed, EBSCOhost, and Cochrane Library were searched for dog studies on peri-implantitis induction methodology, until October 31, 2012. The eligibility of the studies for this review was based on the screening of two independent reviewers.
After screening, 50 publications were eligible for review. The most used animal model was the Beagle (n = 23). The bilateral mandible four premolar were the most extracted group of teeth (n = 20) and the majority of the studies had the placement of six implants in the jaw with only five (n = 5) of them reporting on interimplant distance. All publications reported peri-implantitis induction using ligature during a variable period of time and with a subsequent heterogeneous loss of peri-implant bone. The ligature placement and maintenance around the implant varied greatly between the publications. The constant use of ligatures, sometimes traumatically forced to the peri-implant sulcus, may influence the degree of bone loss during canine experimental peri-implantitis overlapping the contribution of implant surface to the onset and development of this pathology.
A great heterogeneity exists among the studies reporting on the induction of peri-implantitis in canine. Experimental peri-implantitis model has suffered a change through the last years, from an exclusive ligature-induced to a ligature-induced and nonligature induced progression, thus approaching the natural occurrence of this pathology. The ideal canine peri-implantitis induction model would be a naturally occurring peri-implanititis induction without the action of any ligature.
分析目前可用的种植体周围炎实验犬模型。
检索PubMed、EBSCOhost和Cochrane图书馆的电子数据库，查找截至2012年10月31日关于种植体周围炎诱导方法的犬类研究。本综述纳入研究的合格性由两名独立评审员筛选确定。
筛选后，有50篇出版物符合综述要求。最常用的动物模型是比格犬（n = 23）。双侧下颌四颗前磨牙是拔除最多的牙组（n = 20），大多数研究在颌骨中植入6颗种植体，其中只有5项研究（n = 5）报告了种植体间距离。所有出版物均报告在不同时间段使用结扎丝诱导种植体周围炎，随后种植体周围骨出现异质性丧失。各出版物中种植体周围结扎丝的放置和维持情况差异很大。持续使用结扎丝，有时强行将其置于种植体周围龈沟，可能会影响犬类实验性种植体周围炎期间的骨丧失程度，同时也掩盖了种植体表面对该病理状态发生和发展的影响。
在关于犬类种植体周围炎诱导的研究中存在很大的异质性。实验性种植体周围炎模型在过去几年中发生了变化，从单纯结扎丝诱导发展为结扎丝诱导和非结扎丝诱导的进展方式，从而更接近该病理状态的自然发生情况。理想的犬类种植体周围炎诱导模型应该是自然发生的种植体周围炎诱导，而无需任何结扎丝的作用。
