Mitchell W G, Chavez J M, Baker S A, Guzman B L, Azen S P
Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Los Angeles, CA 90054.
J Child Neurol. 1990 Jul;5(3):195-204. doi: 10.1177/088307389000500308.
Maturation of sustained attention was studied in a group of 52 hyperactive elementary school children and 152 controls using a microcomputer-based test formatted to resemble a video game. In nonhyperactive children, both simple and complex reaction time decreased with age, as did variability of response time. Omission errors were extremely infrequent on simple reaction time and decreased with age on the more complex tasks. Commission errors had an inconsistent relationship with age. Hyperactive children were slower, more variable, and made more errors on all segments of the game than did controls. Both motor speed and calculated mental speed were slower in hyperactive children, with greater discrepancy for responses directed to the nondominant hand, suggesting that a selective right hemisphere deficit may be present in hyperactives. A summary score (number of individual game scores above the 95th percentile) of 4 or more detected 60% of hyperactive subjects with a false positive rate of 5%. Agreement with the Matching Familiar Figures Test was 75% in the hyperactive group.
利用一种格式类似电子游戏的微机测试，对一组52名患有多动症的小学生和152名对照组儿童的持续注意力成熟情况进行了研究。在无多动症儿童中，简单反应时和复杂反应时均随年龄增长而缩短，反应时的变异性也如此。简单反应时任务中的遗漏错误极少，而在更复杂任务中，遗漏错误随年龄增长而减少。虚报错误与年龄的关系并不一致。与对照组相比，多动症儿童在游戏的所有环节中反应更慢、变异性更大且错误更多。多动症儿童的运动速度和计算出的心理速度都较慢，对非优势手做出反应时的差异更大，这表明多动症儿童可能存在选择性右半球缺陷。总分（个体游戏得分高于第95百分位数的数量）为4或更高时，能检测出60%的多动症受试者，假阳性率为5%。多动症组与匹配熟悉图形测试的一致性为75%。
