Trommer B L, Hoeppner J A, Lorber R, Armstrong K J
Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Medical School, Evanston, IL 60201.
Ann Neurol. 1988 Nov;24(5):610-4. doi: 10.1002/ana.410240504.
We administered the go-no-go paradigm to 44 boys with attention deficit disorder (ADD) and 32 control subjects who did not have ADD. This task requires a subject to emit a simple motor response to one cue while inhibiting the response in the presence of another cue. Commission errors suggest impulsivity, and omission errors suggest inattention. ADD subjects made more total errors than did control subjects (p less than 0.03), and more ADD subjects made multiple errors (p less than 0.001). Within the ADD group, the nonhyperactive (ADDnoH) subjects were characterized by a high number of commission errors early, and significant improvement with practice (p less than 0.01). In contrast, the hyperactive ADD subjects (ADD/H) did not differ from control subjects in number of early commission errors, but differed from both control subjects and ADDnoH subjects in their failure to improve with practice. In addition, the incidence of omission errors was highest in the ADD/H group. This paradigm can be easily incorporated into the assessment of children with suspected ADD and provides an objective measure of inattention and impulsivity. Our data provide cognitive support for the empirical distinction between hyperactive and nonhyperactive children with ADD.
我们对44名患有注意力缺陷障碍（ADD）的男孩和32名没有ADD的对照受试者进行了停止信号范式测试。这项任务要求受试者在面对一个提示时做出简单的运动反应，而在面对另一个提示时抑制该反应。错误反应表明冲动性，遗漏错误表明注意力不集中。ADD受试者的总错误比对照受试者更多（p小于0.03），并且更多的ADD受试者出现多次错误（p小于0.001）。在ADD组中，非多动的（ADDnoH）受试者早期的错误反应数量较多，并且随着练习有显著改善（p小于0.01）。相比之下，多动的ADD受试者（ADD/H）在早期错误反应数量上与对照受试者没有差异，但在练习后没有改善这一点上与对照受试者和ADDnoH受试者都不同。此外，遗漏错误的发生率在ADD/H组中最高。这种范式可以很容易地纳入对疑似ADD儿童的评估中，并提供了一种衡量注意力不集中和冲动性的客观方法。我们的数据为患有ADD的多动和非多动儿童之间的实证区分提供了认知支持。
