Pain Res Manag. 2013 Nov-Dec;18(6):286-92. doi: 10.1155/2013/276923. Epub 2013 Aug 28.
To investigate the occurrence of spirometry-related pain and distress in adolescents and young adults with cystic fibrosis (CF), and to investigate the role of acceptance of illness in spirometry-related pain and distress.
A total of 36 adolescents and young adults with CF (12 to 22 years of age) completed a questionnaire assessing acceptance of illness. Spirometry-related distress was assessed using self-report (ie, anxiety⁄worry about the procedure) and physiological outcomes (ie, heart rate and heart rate variability) before spirometry. Spirometry-related pain was assessed using self-report (ie, expected pain and pain-related thoughts). Self-reported distress and pain during spirometry were also assessed.
Eighty-nine per cent of subjects reported distress before spirometry, 67% experienced distress during spirometry, 28% expected pain during spirometry and 22% actually experienced pain. Interestingly, partial correlations revealed that more acceptance was related to less expected pain and pain-related thoughts. Acceptance, however, was unrelated to distress, anxiety and pain during spirometry.
The present study suggests that a non-negligible number of adolescents and young adults with CF experience pain and distress during spirometry. Furthermore, results indicate that acceptance may play a protective role in the more indirect consequences of CF such as expected pain and pain-related thoughts during medical procedures. Acceptance, however, was not related to distress before and during spirometry, nor to experienced pain. These findings contribute to the increasing evidence that acceptance may play a protective role in managing the consequences of living with CF.
探讨囊性纤维化（CF）青少年和年轻患者在肺功能检查时出现的与肺功能检查相关的疼痛和不适，以及疾病接受度在与肺功能检查相关的疼痛和不适中的作用。
共 36 名 CF 青少年和年轻患者（12 至 22 岁）完成了一份评估疾病接受度的问卷。在进行肺功能检查前，使用自我报告（即对检查过程的焦虑/担忧）和生理结果（即心率和心率变异性）评估与肺功能检查相关的痛苦；使用自我报告（即预期疼痛和与疼痛相关的想法）评估与肺功能检查相关的疼痛。还评估了在进行肺功能检查时的自我报告痛苦和疼痛。
89%的患者在进行肺功能检查前报告有不适，67%在进行肺功能检查时感到不适，28%预期在进行肺功能检查时会感到疼痛，22%实际上感到疼痛。有趣的是，偏相关分析显示，更高的接受度与更少的预期疼痛和与疼痛相关的想法有关。然而，接受度与在进行肺功能检查时的不适、焦虑和疼痛无关。
本研究表明，相当数量的 CF 青少年和年轻患者在进行肺功能检查时会经历疼痛和不适。此外，结果表明，接受度可能在 CF 等疾病的间接后果（如在医疗程序中预期的疼痛和与疼痛相关的想法）中起到保护作用。然而，接受度与进行肺功能检查前和进行肺功能检查时的不适无关，也与实际经历的疼痛无关。这些发现有助于增加接受度可能在管理 CF 患者的生活影响方面起到保护作用的证据。
