Ivanoff Chris S, Morshed Bashir I, Hottel Timothy L, Garcia-Godoy Franklin
Department of Bioscience Research, College of Dentistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 875 Union Avenue, Memphis, TN 38163, USA.
Am J Dent. 2013 Jun;26(3):166-72.
To compare fluoride uptake by enamel after applying 1.23% acidulated phosphate fluoride gel to human tooth enamel topically (n = 12) or with combined dielectrophoresis and AC electroosmosis (DEP/ACE) at frequencies of 10, 400 and 5,000 Hz (n = 12) for 20 minutes.
DEP/ACE induced nonuniform electrical fields with three alternating current frequencies to polarize, orient, and motivate fluoride particles. Fluoride concentrations were measured at various enamel depths using wavelength dispersive spectrometry. Data were analyzed by ANOVA/Student-Newman-Keuls post hoc tests (P < or = 0.05).
Fluoride concentrations in the diffusion group were significantly higher than baseline readings at 10, 20 and 50 microm depths. Fluoride concentrations in DEP/ACE-treated teeth were significantly higher than the diffusion group at 10, 20, 50, 100, 200 and 300 microm (ANOVA/Student-Newman-Keuls post hoc, P < 0.05). Fluoride uptake with DEP/ACE was substantially higher than diffusion at 10, 20, 50, 100, 200 and 300 microm depths (paired t test, P < 0.05). DEP/ACE transported fluoride up to 300 microm deep, whereas conventional fluoride application was comparatively ineffective beyond 20 microm depth (P < 0.05). Compared to passive diffusion, fluoride uptake in enamel was significantly higher in the DEP/ACE group at 10, 20, 50, 100, 200 and 300 microm depths (P < 0.05). DEP/ACE drove fluoride substantially deeper into human enamel with a difference in uptake 1,575 ppm higher than diffusion at 100 microm depth; 6 times higher at 50 microm depth; 5 times higher at 20 microm depth; and 7 times higher at 10 microm depth. Fluoride levels at 100 microm were equivalent to long-term prophylactic exposure.
比较将1.23%的酸化磷酸氟凝胶局部应用于人类牙釉质（n = 12），以及在10、400和5000 Hz频率下联合介电泳和交流电渗（DEP/ACE）（n = 12）处理20分钟后，牙釉质对氟的摄取情况。
DEP/ACE利用三种交流电频率诱导不均匀电场，以使氟化物颗粒极化、定向并促进其移动。使用波长色散光谱法测量不同牙釉质深度处的氟化物浓度。数据通过方差分析/Student-Newman-Keuls事后检验进行分析（P≤0.05）。
在10、20和50微米深度处，扩散组的氟化物浓度显著高于基线读数。在10、20、50、100、200和300微米处，DEP/ACE处理组牙齿中的氟化物浓度显著高于扩散组（方差分析/Student-Newman-Keuls事后检验，P < 0.05）。在10、20、50、100、200和300微米深度处，DEP/ACE的氟摄取量显著高于扩散组（配对t检验，P < 0.05）。DEP/ACE可将氟化物输送至300微米深处，而传统的氟化物应用在超过20微米深度时相对无效（P < 0.05）。与被动扩散相比，在10、20、50、100、200和300微米深度处，DEP/ACE组牙釉质中的氟摄取量显著更高（P < 0.
