Department of Psychology, National Chengchi University, Taiwan, ROC.
Brain Cogn. 2013 Nov;83(2):153-62. doi: 10.1016/j.bandc.2013.07.007. Epub 2013 Aug 27.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between exercise mode and executive function and its effect on behavior and neuroelectric activity. Forty-eight older adults were classified into open-skill, closed-skill, and irregular exercise groups based on their experience of exercise participation. Executive function was measured via a task-switching paradigm, in which the behavioral indices and event-related potentials elicited by task-switching were assessed. The results revealed that the exercise groups, regardless of the exercise mode, exhibited faster reaction times in both global and local switches than the irregular exercise group, regardless of the within-task conditions. Similarly, larger P3 amplitudes were observed in both exercise groups compared to the irregular exercise group. Moreover, additional facilitation effects of open-skill exercises on global switch costs were observed, whereas no differences in local switch costs were found among the three groups. The results replicate previous studies that have reported generally improved executive function after participation in exercises; additionally, they extend the current knowledge by indicating that these cognitive improvements in specific aspects of executive function could also be obtained from open-skill exercises.
本研究旨在探讨运动模式与执行功能之间的关系及其对行为和神经电活动的影响。48 名老年人根据运动参与经验分为开放式技能、封闭式技能和不规则运动组。通过任务转换范式测量执行功能，评估任务转换引发的行为指标和事件相关电位。结果表明，无论运动模式如何，运动组在全局和局部转换中的反应时间都比不规则运动组快，而与任务内条件无关。同样，与不规则运动组相比，两个运动组的 P3 振幅更大。此外，还观察到开放式技能运动对全局转换成本的额外促进作用，而三组之间的局部转换成本没有差异。研究结果复制了之前的研究，即参与运动后执行功能普遍得到改善；此外，它们还通过表明，这些执行功能特定方面的认知提高也可以从开放式技能运动中获得，扩展了当前的知识。
