Estonian Literary Museum, Vanemuise 42, Tartu 51003, Estonia.
J Ethnopharmacol. 2013 Oct 28;150(1):162-74. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2013.08.031. Epub 2013 Aug 29.
Traditional use of local wild and cultivated plants for making recreational tea in Estonia often borders with the medicinal use of the same plants.
The aim of this paper is to map the perceptions of plants used for making tea and to define the domains of recreational and medicinal teas in specific cultural settings.
Between November 2011 and March 2012 the authors distributed electronic questionnaires on the use of wild food plants in childhood. The questionnaire was answered by 250 respondents. 178 of them reported the use of plants for making recreational teas. The responses were analysed according to the taxonomy of the used plants, the most frequently used taxa and families were detected, the influence of respondents' demographic data on the number of use reports was assessed and the overlapping of medicinal and recreational uses was discussed.
The study detected 69 vascular plant species, ten vascular taxa identified on the genera level only, and one lichen. The most popular families were Rosaceae, Asteraceae and Lamiacea, and 12 taxa were used by at least 10% of the respondents, while only one of them (Tilia) was used by more than 50% and one (Rubus idaeus) by over 33% of the respondents. The next ten most used taxa were: Rosa, Mentha, Primula veris, Matricaria, Achillea millefolium, Hypericum, Carum carvi, Urtica dioica, Thymus serpyllum and Fragaria. Of the 30 most used consolidated taxa mentioned in five or more use records, only four were used exclusively in one domain.
The majority of the used plants were situated on the recreational-medicinal continuum, which could be divided into two domains: recreational, medicinal and the "grey" area that lies around the borderline. The predominance of the cold and cold-related diseases on the spectrum treated by plants used for making recreational tea reflects the climatic conditions of the region and suggests that they are the most commonly self-treated diseases in the region, seen from the child's perspective.
爱沙尼亚当地野生和栽培植物被广泛用于制作消遣用茶，这一传统用途与这些植物的药用用途常常难以区分。
本文旨在绘制用于制作茶的植物认知图，并在特定文化背景下定义消遣用茶和药用茶的领域。
2011 年 11 月至 2012 年 3 月期间，作者分发了关于儿童时期野生食用植物使用情况的电子问卷。共有 250 名受访者回答了问卷，其中 178 名报告了使用植物制作消遣用茶。根据所使用植物的分类学对回答进行了分析，确定了最常用的类群和科，评估了受访者人口统计学数据对使用报告数量的影响，并讨论了药用和消遣用之间的重叠。
本研究检测到 69 种维管植物物种、10 种仅在属级上确定的维管类群和 1 种地衣。最受欢迎的科是蔷薇科、菊科和唇形科，有 12 种植物被至少 10%的受访者使用，其中只有一种（椴树）被超过 50%的受访者使用，一种（悬钩子）被超过 33%的受访者使用。下一个最常用的 10 种植物是：玫瑰、薄荷、报春花、薄荷、蓍草、贯叶连翘、芹叶钩吻、荨麻、百里香和草莓。在 5 种或更多使用记录中提到的 30 种最常用的组合类群中，只有 4 种仅用于一个领域。
大多数使用的植物位于消遣用和药用之间的连续体上，可分为两个领域：消遣用、药用和位于边界周围的“灰色”区域。在用于制作消遣用茶的植物所治疗的疾病谱中，以冷和与冷相关的疾病为主，反映了该地区的气候条件，并表明从儿童的角度来看，这些疾病是该地区最常见的自我治疗疾病。
