Division of Psychiatry, Clinical Psychology and Rehabilitation, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine - University of Perugia, Santa Maria della Misericordia Hospital, Perugia, Italy,
Psychiatr Danub. 2013 Sep;25 Suppl 2:S258-62.
International literature has shown that Postpartum Depression (PPD) has a significant social and relational impact on mothers and their partners, on the interaction between mother and child, as well as on the cognitive and emotional development of the child. The goal of this study is to increase the epidemiological knowledge of PPD and to evaluate both risk and protective factors.
Our study is based on the administration of three tests, Paykel's Life Events Scale, EPDS and MMPI-2, at three distinct time point (during the third trimester, 72 hours after delivery, and three months after delivery, respectively) to a sample of women recruited in the Prenatal Medicine Clinic at the Hospital of Perugia. The data collected was statistically analyzed.
The prevalence of PPD 72 hours after delivery was 11%, while the prevalence of PPD three months after delivery was 16.7%. Antepartum Depression (APD), measured using EPDS cut-offs scores of 9 and 14, was found to be a statistically significant risk factor for the development of PPD, while desired life-events during pregnancy can represent a protective factor.
The prevalence of PPD that we measured, in agreement with that found in the literature, demonstrates that despite the fact that the diagnostic criteria of the DSM-IV refer to PPD only if it develops within 4 weeks after delivery, PPD can also develop after this period. Furthermore, it appears that monitoring APD and encouraging a psycho-socially serene pregnancy are important for prevention of PPD. In the case of APD it was shown that monitoring women with even light depressive symptoms is important, because these women are more likely to then develop PPD.
国际文献表明，产后抑郁症（PPD）对母亲及其伴侣、母婴之间的互动以及儿童的认知和情感发展都有重大的社会和关系影响。本研究旨在增加对 PPD 的流行病学认识，并评估风险和保护因素。
我们的研究基于对佩尔克尔生活事件量表、EPDS 和 MMPI-2 这三种测试，在三个不同的时间点（第三个孕期、分娩后 72 小时和分娩后三个月），对在佩鲁贾医院产前医学诊所招募的女性样本进行了测试。收集的数据进行了统计分析。
分娩后 72 小时的 PPD 患病率为 11%，而分娩后三个月的 PPD 患病率为 16.7%。使用 EPDS 截断分数 9 和 14 测量的产前抑郁症（APD）是 PPD 发展的统计学显著风险因素，而怀孕期间期望的生活事件可以作为保护因素。
我们测量的 PPD 患病率与文献中的发现一致，这表明尽管 DSM-IV 的诊断标准仅指产后 4 周内发生的 PPD，但 PPD 也可能在此期间之后发生。此外，监测 APD 并鼓励孕妇保持心理社会宁静似乎对预防 PPD 很重要。在 APD 的情况下，监测有轻度抑郁症状的女性很重要，因为这些女性更有可能发展为 PPD。
