Sinclair School of Nursing, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
Nurs Res. 2013 Sep-Oct;62(5):294-304. doi: 10.1097/NNR.0b013e3182a0395c.
Motivational physical activity (PA) interventions are effective in increasing PA behavior among healthy adults; however, the impact of these interventions on cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) has not yet been examined.
The purpose of this meta-analysis is to quantitatively synthesize CRF outcomes of motivational PA interventions among healthy adults.
Comprehensive searching identified studies testing motivational PA interventions with CRF outcomes. Two independent coders extracted data. Data were synthesized using standardized mean difference effect sizes (ESs, d) under a random effects model. Heterogeneity was assessed, and moderator analyses were conducted using subgroup analyses and meta-regression.
Data were analyzed from 11,458 primary study subjects. The overall mean ES for CRF was 0.48 (p < .01), which corresponds to a difference in VO2 max of 2.5 mL/kg/min between treatment and control groups. Studies were significantly heterogeneous (Q = 133.29, p < .01). Significant moderators included age (β = -0.02, p = .01) and recommending endurance plus resistance exercises (d = 1.04) versus recommending only endurance exercise (d = 0.47).
Motivational interventions designed to increase PA can improve CRF among healthy adults. Clinicians should recommend endurance and resistance exercise to improve CRF in this population. Future primary research should test interventions longitudinally and across more diverse populations. Although other moderators examined in this study did not show a significant effect on ES, the number of comparisons available for moderator analyses was small.
动机性体育活动 (PA) 干预措施在增加健康成年人的 PA 行为方面是有效的；然而，这些干预措施对心肺适能 (CRF) 的影响尚未得到检验。
本荟萃分析的目的是定量综合健康成年人动机性 PA 干预措施对 CRF 的结果。
全面搜索确定了测试动机性 PA 干预措施与 CRF 结果的研究。两名独立的编码员提取数据。使用随机效应模型下的标准化均数差效应大小 (ES，d) 对数据进行综合。评估了异质性，并通过亚组分析和元回归进行了调节分析。
对 11458 名主要研究对象的数据进行了分析。CRF 的总体平均 ES 为 0.48（p <.01），这相当于治疗组和对照组之间 VO2 max 的差异为 2.5 mL/kg/min。研究结果存在显著的异质性（Q = 133.29，p <.01）。显著的调节因素包括年龄（β = -0.02，p =.01）和推荐耐力加抗阻运动（d = 1.04）与仅推荐耐力运动（d = 0.47）。
旨在增加 PA 的动机性干预措施可以提高健康成年人的 CRF。临床医生应推荐耐力和抗阻运动以提高该人群的 CRF。未来的初级研究应在更长时间和更广泛的人群中测试干预措施。尽管本研究中检查的其他调节因素对 ES 没有显示出显著影响，但可用于调节分析的比较数量较少。
