Myllylä Mikko, Parkkola Kai I, Ojanen Tommi, Heinonen Olli J, Ruohola Juha-Petri, Vahlberg Tero, Kyröläinen Heikki
Centre for Military Medicine, The Finnish Defence Forces, 20241 Turku, Finland.
Doctoral Programme in Clinical Research, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland.
Healthcare (Basel). 2023 Oct 9;11(19):2698. doi: 10.3390/healthcare11192698.
Most Western adults do not meet the recommendations for sufficient activity, and obesity is a global problem. Similar trends are also seen among Western military personnel. Many successful physical training interventions have been carried out in military environments, but the interventions have been quite short term, and the training has been supervised. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a 12-month voluntary motivational training intervention among the Finnish Defence Forces' (FDF) Navy soldiers.
In total, 77 FDF Navy soldiers, serving in missile patrol boats, took part in the study. The intervention group (IG) contained 45 participants and the control group (CG) contained 32 participants. The IG was divided into four teams that carried out the intervention, while the CG took part in only the measurements.
Most of the participants (65%) in the IG reported that they had increased their exercise volume during the intervention, but no major beneficial impacts on the physical fitness, body composition, or health markers were observed. Nevertheless, there was a clear diversity visible between the subgroups in the IG. The team that reported the most exercise had the best motivation and the most motivated team coach and also had the most improved physical fitness and body composition results.
The present study points out that in military environments, long-term voluntary training interventions may not be as successful as short-term supervised interventions. The results also suggest that in voluntary training interventions among military personnel, the participants' motivation to exercise is a key factor when improving physical fitness.
大多数西方成年人未达到充足运动量的建议标准，肥胖是一个全球性问题。在西方军事人员中也可见类似趋势。许多成功的体育训练干预措施已在军事环境中实施，但这些干预措施为期较短，且训练受到监督。因此，本研究的目的是调查在芬兰国防军（FDF）海军士兵中进行为期12个月的自愿激励训练干预的效果。
共有77名在导弹巡逻艇服役的FDF海军士兵参与了该研究。干预组（IG）有45名参与者，对照组（CG）有32名参与者。IG被分成四个团队进行干预，而CG仅参与测量。
IG中的大多数参与者（65%）报告称，他们在干预期间增加了运动量，但未观察到对身体素质、身体成分或健康指标有重大有益影响。然而，IG中的亚组之间存在明显差异。报告运动量最大的团队有最佳的积极性和最积极的团队教练，其身体素质和身体成分改善结果也最佳。
本研究指出，在军事环境中，长期自愿训练干预可能不如短期监督干预成功。结果还表明，在军事人员的自愿训练干预中，参与者的运动积极性是提高身体素质的关键因素。
