Fu Xiaoru, Jin Luyuan, Ma Ping, Fan Zhipeng, Wang Songlin
Molecular Laboratory for Gene Therapy and Tooth Regeneration, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China.
J Periodontol. 2014 Jun;85(6):845-51. doi: 10.1902/jop.2013.130254. Epub 2013 Sep 3.
Regeneration of lost periodontium in periodontitis is a challenge in that alveolar bone, cementum, and periodontal ligament need to be restored to their original architecture. Stem cells from exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHEDs) appear to be an attractive candidate for periodontium tissue regeneration. Previously, the authors successfully regenerated periodontal defects using autologous and allogeneic periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs). The purpose of the present study is to investigate the ability of allogeneic SHEDs to regenerate lost periodontium in a swine periodontitis model.
Animal models of periodontitis were established in miniature pigs, and allogeneic stem cells were isolated from miniature pig deciduous teeth (SPDs). The animal models were treated with SPDs plus hydroxyapatite/tricalcium phosphate (HA/TCP). Allogeneic PDLSCs plus HA/TCP or HA/TCP alone were set as positive control or control, respectively. Clinical assessments, computed tomography (CT) scanning, and histologic examination were used to evaluate the outcome of tissue regeneration.
Clinical indices including probing depth, gingival recession, and attachment loss showed significant restoration in the SPD and PDLSC treatment groups, compared to the HA/TCP group 12 weeks post-transplantation. Meanwhile, CT scans showed that 75% of the samples had successful hard-tissue regeneration in both PDLSC and SPD groups, compared to the HA/TCP group, where the success rate was only 25%. In addition, histologic examination demonstrated that SPD and PDLSC treatment brought about remarkable regeneration of periodontal tissues, whereas periodontal regeneration was rare in the HA/TCP group.
Allogeneic SPDs can effectively repair hard and soft tissue loss brought about by periodontitis in a swine model. Allogeneic SHEDs, which are easily accessible, may be applied to treat periodontitis in clinics in the future.
在牙周炎中，使丧失的牙周组织再生是一项挑战，因为牙槽骨、牙骨质和牙周韧带需要恢复到其原始结构。脱落乳牙干细胞（SHEDs）似乎是牙周组织再生的一个有吸引力的候选者。此前，作者使用自体和异体牙周韧带干细胞（PDLSCs）成功地使牙周缺损再生。本研究的目的是在猪牙周炎模型中研究异体SHEDs使丧失的牙周组织再生的能力。
在小型猪中建立牙周炎动物模型，并从小型猪乳牙（SPDs）中分离异体干细胞。用SPDs加羟基磷灰石/磷酸三钙（HA/TCP）治疗动物模型。将异体PDLSCs加HA/TCP或单独使用HA/TCP分别设为阳性对照或对照。采用临床评估、计算机断层扫描（CT）和组织学检查来评估组织再生的结果。
与移植后12周的HA/TCP组相比，SPD和PDLSC治疗组的临床指标，包括探诊深度、牙龈退缩和附着丧失均有显著恢复。同时，CT扫描显示，与HA/TCP组相比，PDLSC组和SPD组75%的样本实现了硬组织成功再生，而HA/TCP组的成功率仅为25%。此外，组织学检查表明，SPD和PDLSC治疗带来了显著的牙周组织再生，而HA/TCP组的牙周再生很少。
异体SPDs可以有效修复猪模型中由牙周炎导致的软硬组织丧失。异体SHEDs易于获取，未来可能应用于临床治疗牙周炎。
