Song Wen-Peng, Jin Lu-Yuan, Zhu Meng-Di, Wang Hao, Xia Deng-Sheng
Department of Stomatology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China.
Department of General Dentistry and Integrated Emergency Dental Care, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China.
World J Stem Cells. 2023 Mar 26;15(3):31-51. doi: 10.4252/wjsc.v15.i3.31.
For nearly 20 years, dental stem cells (DSCs) have been successfully isolated from mature/immature teeth and surrounding tissue, including dental pulp of permanent teeth and exfoliated deciduous teeth, periodontal ligaments, dental follicles, and gingival and apical papilla. They have several properties (such as self-renewal, multidirectional differentiation, and immunomodulation) and exhibit enormous potential for clinical applications. To date, many clinical articles and clinical trials using DSCs have reported the treatment of pulpitis, periapical lesions, periodontitis, cleft lip and palate, acute ischemic stroke, and so on, and DSC-based therapies obtained satisfactory effects in most clinical trials. In these studies, no adverse events were reported, which suggested the safety of DSC-based therapy. In this review, we outline the characteristics of DSCs and summarize clinical trials and their safety as DSC-based therapies. Meanwhile, we also present the current limitations and perspectives of DSC-based therapy (such as harvesting DSCs from inflamed tissue, applying DSC-conditioned medium/DSC-derived extracellular vesicles, and expanding-free strategies) to provide a theoretical basis for their clinical applications.
近20年来，牙干细胞（DSCs）已成功从成熟/未成熟牙齿及周围组织中分离出来，包括恒牙和脱落乳牙的牙髓、牙周韧带、牙囊以及牙龈和根尖乳头。它们具有多种特性（如自我更新、多向分化和免疫调节），并在临床应用中展现出巨大潜力。迄今为止，许多使用DSCs的临床文章和临床试验报道了其在治疗牙髓炎、根尖周病变、牙周炎、唇腭裂、急性缺血性中风等方面的应用，并且基于DSC的疗法在大多数临床试验中都取得了满意的效果。在这些研究中，未报告不良事件，这表明基于DSC的疗法具有安全性。在本综述中，我们概述了DSCs的特性，并总结了作为基于DSC的疗法的临床试验及其安全性。同时，我们还介绍了基于DSC的疗法当前的局限性和前景（如从炎症组织中获取DSCs、应用DSC条件培养基/DSC衍生的细胞外囊泡以及无扩增策略），为其临床应用提供理论依据。
